2.2 JOB SATISFACTION
One of the most complex issues concerning human resources in organizations is job satisfaction. Job satisfaction has been widely used in scientific research and has been approached from different perspectives by different authors. A review of relevant definitions, theories and models on job satisfaction follows below. In the earlier studies job satisfaction is described as a combination of psychological, physiological and environmental factors that cause a person to feel satisfied with his or her job. This description implies that internal and external factors affect feelings of employees. Locke (1976) who described job satisfaction as "a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisa1 of one's job …show more content…
His theory identifies five levels of needs that every individual wants to satisfy. The need-types start from basic survival and safety needs to needs for social belonging, self-esteem and self-actualisation. The premise is that the needs are the motivation for people to fulfill their physiological and psychological needs through the work they carry out daily. If the needs of the people are fulfilled, they will be satisfied. Another important argument Maslow makes is that the lower need levels in the pyramid (survival, safety and social belonging) are more prone for satisfaction than the remaining higher level needs. This argument implies a sequential process of satisfaction of the different levels of needs. Aziri (2011) argues that when it comes to explaining the facets that drive satisfaction or dissatisfaction, Herzberg’s (1971) two-factor theory has been referred to in various job satisfaction studies. According to this theory, there are two sets of factors: motivation factors (Intrinsic) and hygiene factors (Extrinsic).
2.2.1 Intrinsic and Extrinsic
One of the most complex issues concerning human resources in organizations is job satisfaction. Job satisfaction has been widely used in scientific research and has been approached from different perspectives by different authors. A review of relevant definitions, theories and models on job satisfaction follows below. In the earlier studies job satisfaction is described as a combination of psychological, physiological and environmental factors that cause a person to feel satisfied with his or her job. This description implies that internal and external factors affect feelings of employees. Locke (1976) who described job satisfaction as "a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisa1 of one's job …show more content…
His theory identifies five levels of needs that every individual wants to satisfy. The need-types start from basic survival and safety needs to needs for social belonging, self-esteem and self-actualisation. The premise is that the needs are the motivation for people to fulfill their physiological and psychological needs through the work they carry out daily. If the needs of the people are fulfilled, they will be satisfied. Another important argument Maslow makes is that the lower need levels in the pyramid (survival, safety and social belonging) are more prone for satisfaction than the remaining higher level needs. This argument implies a sequential process of satisfaction of the different levels of needs. Aziri (2011) argues that when it comes to explaining the facets that drive satisfaction or dissatisfaction, Herzberg’s (1971) two-factor theory has been referred to in various job satisfaction studies. According to this theory, there are two sets of factors: motivation factors (Intrinsic) and hygiene factors (Extrinsic).
2.2.1 Intrinsic and Extrinsic