A philosophical zombie is functionally identical organism to a human being, yet they lack a conscious experience or qualia. The knowledge argument: Mary is a brilliant scientist who has extensive knowledge about physical theory and is a ‘perfect reasoner’. When Mary leaves the black and white room, and sees the ripe red tomato; she acquires new knowledge of experience. Mary experiences what it is like to see red. Despite knowing everything about color perception, Mary is not able to deduce the color experience from the physical theory. From this, we learn that Mary’s previous knowledge was incomplete. Jackson argues that Mary is not a ‘physical reasoner’ as she did acquire new knowledge and hence physicalism is false. Raffman argues that if
