The standard deviation of mass lost for my personal data was approximately 25%. This shows me that there was a low amount of errors made in measurements. The uncertainty in the class is high which opposes my percentage of uncertainty. Some major sources of determinate error are incorrectly computing the recorded data into Excel.…
In order to safely dispose of a solution with a pH of 12, the solution needs to be diluted with an acid to neutralize the basic solution. The pH range should be between 5 to 8 to be ready for disposal. 2. A graduated cylinder, Erlenmeyer flask, and beaker were used to measure a 60-mL volume. Which of these devices seems to be the most accurate for measuring a 60-mL volume?…
The balance had an uncertainty of 0.05 grams. b. With this experiment, we had a closed environment within the vial, not allowing any particles to come in or out, further explaining why there was no change in mass. The experiment also did not cause a visible reaction. The system was the vial, cap, water, and sugar. c. 2.…
(0.13)/(0.56)=23.21428571% After knowing the percent composition of Magnesium, and knowing the theoretical value as 25.5%, the percent error can be calculated by applying the formula. (25.5-23.2142857)/(25.5)×100=8.963585451%…
A. Heating Magnesium: This station consisted of magnesium, a slim, flexible, silver metal and a Bunsen burner. We used crucible tongs to hold the magnesium over the Bunsen burner until it began to ignite. When it first ignited, sparks were seen and the flame emitted a bright, white light. The flame spread across the magnesium and eventually turned it into a white, ashy substance.…
The experiment began with a reaction of a 1cm3 cube of lamb liver and 5mL of hydrogen peroxide solution being put in test tubes in a beaker filled with 10℃ water until the temperatures of the liver and hydrogen peroxide were 10℃ also. The liver was put into a 100mL measuring cylinder and the hydrogen peroxide was also poured in as the timer was started. After twenty seconds, several millilitres of froth had been produced from the chemical concoction. This froth was recorded into a results table, and the previous steps were repeated but with increasing temperature increments of 10℃ until 50℃. After carefully completing the experiment, the final results obtained by measuring the volume of the froth produced after 20 seconds, were recorded in a table - see Table 1, and able to be observed in a graph, see Figure 7.…
The purpose of this lab was to determine if a change in mass occurs during a chemical reaction in a closed system. To conduct this experiment, the mass of the test tube, rubber cover, and other materials must be measured. To prevent the test tube from rolling off of the balance, a plastic cup was used to hold it in place, but the group had to remember to zero out the cup on the balance so the cup’s mass will not affect the masses of the objects the group was trying to measure. During this investigation, it was determined that there is a 0% change in mass after a chemical change in a closed system, because the mass of the copper and sulfur before heating did not change after being heated. Although the substances had changed in appearance and could no longer be considered…
Therefore, errors in the data obtained were caused more than likely by human error in reading the thermometer or heating the reaction a little longer than past its desired melting point. The percent yield obtained from the experiment was 62.78%. This was calculated by taking the beginning E-stilbene amount which was 0.9 grams of E-stilbene and multiplying it by the molecular weight of the E-stilbene which was 180.245 g/mol. The resulting value was 0.0049932 moles of E-stilbene.…
Rafaela Hajdini Bio 104- 55 November 11th 2014 Fermentation Lab Report Abstract: Introduction: Cellular respiration is a reaction that the majority of living organisms partake in to get adenosine triphosphate (ATP), by obtaining chemical energy, to synthesize in three different phases; glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. Both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle are anaerobic pathways which means that oxygen is not need to form energy.…
Introduction Debates concerning the health effects of artificial sweeteners are relevant not only for scientists and dieticians, but also for diabetics and individuals who are trying to lose weight. According to the American Diabetes Association (2014), aspartame (Equal, NutraSweet); acesulfame potassium (Sunett, Sweet One); neotame; sucralose (Splenda); saccharin (Sweet ‘N Low, Sweet Twin, Sugar Twin); and advantame are six alternatives to natural sugar that are commonly added to foods and incorporated into store-bought foods. Rebaudioside A (Stevia) is a natural sweetener that is also quite common (para. 3, 5). The benefits of artificial sweeteners include their concentrated flavor and their low calorie content.…
The mixture that was 50% Urea, 50% trans-cinnamic acid had the lowest melting point in the experiment. The value for the 1:1 substance was found to be between 95.8 ˚C -98.5 ˚C. The substance that was 10 % urea, 90% trans-cinnamic acid had a melting temperature of 126.7 ˚C -133.3 ˚C, making it lower than both pure…
X_true-X_experimental □(⇒┬ 10 mL-7.20 mL=2.8 mL) To find the relative error, the following formula is used: % error=(|X_true-X_experimental |)/X_true x 100% (|10-7.20|)/10 x 100%=28.0% To find the relative standard deviation, use the following…
Abstract: The objective of this experiment was to synthesize aspirin from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. The general theory behind this experiment was to study the synthesis of a drug from organic materials. During the experiment, esterification had occurred between reactants salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. Then, phosphoric acid would catalyze the reaction and water would be added to decompose the remaining acetic anhydride. Through the process of filtration, aspirin crystals were collected and separate from the liquid acetic acid-water solution.…
Throughout each test, manganese dioxide had a higher reaction rate than the potato. In data table two, the new potato piece and new H₂O₂ had a reaction rate of 2.5 out of 3 and the manganese and new H₂O₂ had a reaction rate of 3. Additionally, the 1 mashed potato piece had a reaction rate of 2 out of 5 and 1 scoop of manganese dioxide had a reaction rate of 3. Two mashed potato pieces had a reaction rate of 4 and 2 scoops of manganese dioxide had a reaction rate of 5. Three mashed potatoes had a reaction rate of 4.5, and 3 scoops of manganese dioxide had a reaction rate of 5.…
Introduction: Solubility is the “ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent” . The effect of temperature on solubility is that when heat (energy) is added, it increases the speed on which molecules and particles move, therefore making it a quicker process. Where as with cooler temperatures there aren’t as many particles because the solvent doesn’t contain as much energy as warmer temperatures, therefore not dissolving as well as it could if it was warmer. To make jelly you first of all need to add boiling water to dissolve the sugar crystals and make sure they have completely dissolved before adding cold water to increase the amount, this is an example of the effect of temperature on solubility of sugar. The rate of solubility can depend on multiple factors such as the temperature of solvent, the size of the solute and how the solvent is stirred for example stirring time, big or small movements.…