Mangroves are the typical coastal ecosystems stand out as a distinct forest type at the interface between terrestrial, estuarine, and near-shore marine ecosystems, where sea water and fresh water mixes and creates the favorable salinity condition for the mangrove species to grow. Mangroves have special adaptability to grow in such harsh environment; also, it provides massive ecosystem services to the coastal communities (Yusuke et al, 2012). However, mangrove species are increasingly threatened and experiencing range contraction across the globe that requires urgent conservation action. Mangrove has the potential to adapt threats like raise of sea level, extreme high water events, and coastal erosions. We found that human activities, such as
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The unique landscape of mangrove forests providing good tourist experiences and recreation, while the world is promoting a green lifestyle. (Ruchi and Hussain, 2003)
Human activities affect the mangrove ecosystem
Population boom is the main reason of the world mangrove habitats being drastically reduced in area. The economic explosion is the source of threatens, which intensify global warming and consumption of wood resources. The demand of seafoods causes development of aquaculture. Although the mangrove species could be rapid propagation, the over logging and worse growing conditions with salinization of water, risen of temperature, losing of land so and so forth, brought ordeal to the mangrove ecosystem globally.
Fig. 1 Causes of degeneration of mangrove …show more content…
Many countries are making efforts to restore mangrove habitats by replanting sapling mangroves or even build up new habitats with appropriate conditions of soil texture, salinity, and hydrology that more suitable for mangroves to growth. Thousands of hectares of mangroves have been successfully replanted, for instance in the USA, the Philippines, Thailand, Panama, Kuwait, and Pakistan, according to Hogarth (2007).
The emergency of protect the mangrove resources are widely accepted and studied in almost all scientific communities. Some researchers comment that, reintroduction of the lost species and controlled and scientific exploitation of aquatic lives may partially restore the aquatic ecosystem. Policy regulating such activities, in the entire upstream area, has to be more stringent, particularly the execution of laws and guidelines should be more action oriented (Yusuke et al, 2012). Stringent laws are enforced to conserve the vulnerable species, which is well understood and
The unique landscape of mangrove forests providing good tourist experiences and recreation, while the world is promoting a green lifestyle. (Ruchi and Hussain, 2003)
Human activities affect the mangrove ecosystem
Population boom is the main reason of the world mangrove habitats being drastically reduced in area. The economic explosion is the source of threatens, which intensify global warming and consumption of wood resources. The demand of seafoods causes development of aquaculture. Although the mangrove species could be rapid propagation, the over logging and worse growing conditions with salinization of water, risen of temperature, losing of land so and so forth, brought ordeal to the mangrove ecosystem globally.
Fig. 1 Causes of degeneration of mangrove …show more content…
Many countries are making efforts to restore mangrove habitats by replanting sapling mangroves or even build up new habitats with appropriate conditions of soil texture, salinity, and hydrology that more suitable for mangroves to growth. Thousands of hectares of mangroves have been successfully replanted, for instance in the USA, the Philippines, Thailand, Panama, Kuwait, and Pakistan, according to Hogarth (2007).
The emergency of protect the mangrove resources are widely accepted and studied in almost all scientific communities. Some researchers comment that, reintroduction of the lost species and controlled and scientific exploitation of aquatic lives may partially restore the aquatic ecosystem. Policy regulating such activities, in the entire upstream area, has to be more stringent, particularly the execution of laws and guidelines should be more action oriented (Yusuke et al, 2012). Stringent laws are enforced to conserve the vulnerable species, which is well understood and