The Performance, Return to Competition, and Reinjury After Tommy John Surgery in Major League Baseball Pitchers: A Review of 147 Cases, was written by six authors. Eric C. Makhni, Randall W. Lee, Zachary S. Morrow, Anthony P. Gualtieri, Prakash Gorroochurn and Christopher S. Ahmad, whom are all respected Doctors in the Sports Medicine field co- authored this paper and preformed all of the research needed first hand. This article is a research study of 147 MLB pitchers after they had reconstruction surgery of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament. The six authors studied the medical records of all MLB pitchers who had received Tommy John Surgery from 1999-2011. Through these records they determined the level of play each pitcher returned to, if they returned, and if the pitcher reinjured the UCL. The authors are trying to determine the long term and immediate …show more content…
They use ethos by just associating themselves with the article. The authors being widely respected Doctors of overhead athletes gives this paper a level of authenticity and makes readers more likely to trust what the article states. Ethos is also used when the article states “Publicly available records were accessed to generate a list of all Major League Baseball pitchers from 1999 to 2011 who had undergone ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction at any point in their careers;” (Makhni et al. 2014, p. 2) The authors telling the reader that they used actual medical records makes this article extremely trustworthy, because not many medical records aren’t. Logos is another appeal used throughout the article. The authors used the medical records to compile statistics of return to play, performance, and reinjury. In the article there is a sub-section specifically titled “Statistical Methods” (p. 3) In this section they give the exact formula they used to compile the statistics they