The basic function of Lipolysis was discovered in early 1900s [1]. However, the proteins and enzymes involved in the process took a lot of time to identify its exact function and property. Ruford Zechner, a Biochemical professor at University of Graz, made a great contribution in the area of lipid catabolism and identified the properties of several important metabolic lipases involved in each step of the triglyceride hydrolysis into fatty acids. This led to the discovery of adipose-triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and its coactivator protein called CGI-58 [2].
Lipolysis is the process of lipid breakdown and triglyceride(TG) hydrolysis into glycerol and three fatty acids. Lipolysis plays a significant role in providing energy to the cells in the …show more content…
In the experiment, HSL knock-out(ko) mice were created through inactivation of HSL gene. HSL-ko mouse was hypothesized that the absence of HSL will lead to low Fatty acid levels and lower efficiency of energy metabolism. However, the result was not much different from the control mice. This led to the conclusion that there must be another lipase involved in the rate-determining step of TG hydrolysis. Therefore, ATGL was found out to catalyze the first step of TG hydrolysis. Separate experiment was conducted through the comparison of control and ATGL-ko mice. The experiment conducted with ATGL-ko resulted in the disorder in the lipid storage and inefficiency in energy metabolism. The accumulation of lipid in the body of ATGL-ko mice led to early death from cardiomyopathy [4].
LPL is also a rate determining enzyme in fatty acid catabolism, working separately with ATGL and HSL. To investigate the role of LPL in fat catabolism, human LPL was injected into the liver of mice for, and LPL-ko mouse was created for comparison. Two types mice were fed with high fat food to see the difference. The result showed that LPL-ko mice had higher TG level and higher VLDL (a type of cholesterol) level compared to LPL specific mice. This led to the conclusion that LPL is important in maintaining brain and muscle function for metabolism
Lipolysis is the process of lipid breakdown and triglyceride(TG) hydrolysis into glycerol and three fatty acids. Lipolysis plays a significant role in providing energy to the cells in the …show more content…
In the experiment, HSL knock-out(ko) mice were created through inactivation of HSL gene. HSL-ko mouse was hypothesized that the absence of HSL will lead to low Fatty acid levels and lower efficiency of energy metabolism. However, the result was not much different from the control mice. This led to the conclusion that there must be another lipase involved in the rate-determining step of TG hydrolysis. Therefore, ATGL was found out to catalyze the first step of TG hydrolysis. Separate experiment was conducted through the comparison of control and ATGL-ko mice. The experiment conducted with ATGL-ko resulted in the disorder in the lipid storage and inefficiency in energy metabolism. The accumulation of lipid in the body of ATGL-ko mice led to early death from cardiomyopathy [4].
LPL is also a rate determining enzyme in fatty acid catabolism, working separately with ATGL and HSL. To investigate the role of LPL in fat catabolism, human LPL was injected into the liver of mice for, and LPL-ko mouse was created for comparison. Two types mice were fed with high fat food to see the difference. The result showed that LPL-ko mice had higher TG level and higher VLDL (a type of cholesterol) level compared to LPL specific mice. This led to the conclusion that LPL is important in maintaining brain and muscle function for metabolism