Letter From Birmingham Jail Analysis

Improved Essays
Letter from a Birmingham Jail Analysis Essay
In this letter, King uses various tones to respond to a group of white clergymen who argue that his way of fighting social injustice is improper and to justify his means to try to achieve his purpose.
King is a true civil rights activist and believes in only acting respectfully and nonviolently, but at the same time, the white clergymen, advocates of civil rights, condemn his nonviolent protest. King is “not unmindful of the difficulties involved” so he and his fellow activists have “decided to go through a process of self-purification” to be able to “accept blows” and to endure the “ordeals of jail” (King 1, 2). King uses his calm, explanatory tone to establish his creditability to his critics.
…show more content…
King noticed throughout his life that, “History is the long tragic story of the fact that privileged groups seldom give up their privileges voluntarily” (King 2). This quote establishes King’s credibility because he is not part of the privileged group, and has dealt with the lack of the privileges, that the white majority take for granted, his whole life. This causes his critics to take into account all the privileges they possess, but have denied to so many fellow Americans. This allows his audience and society to realize how poorly they treat the black minority. King chose this appeal because it applies not only to the white clergymen, but also to society as a whole. Unlike in the other statements, King is speaking not only to the white society, but also to his own black brothers and sisters. He uses this to unite society into one that no longer sees color, but only sees the equality of all races. King uses this grimmer tone to show the faults in the society that so many believed was perfect. In addition, he uses it to show the white clergymen that even though they claim to be Godly men they are still immoral in the way they treat the black minority. He establishes his tone by his use of words like privileged and voluntarily to invoke a sense of supremacy that have been going on throughout history. However, just like in history these groups who abuse their privileges and deny the lower classes the same rights are destined to be doomed and come to the same fate. King’s tone would be different based on the audience that would be reading this. To his black minority it would be perceived as motivation to work harder to gain equality. To the white majority this would be perceived as a call to action to take this unjust and unmoral separation of races and create an equality of all races. To the white clergymen this would be perceived as a

Related Documents

  • Great Essays

    Dr. King used oratorical questions, metaphors and an urgent tone to make his letter engaging and significant. Dr. King writes to the reader so that they could see that the unjust treatment, segregation, and lack of rights was an injustice to the black American and to question why it was happening. There were several criticisms from the white clergy to Dr. King which influenced his response to them; four of them being, outsiders coming into Birmingham, the white moderate, the white church and the commendation of the Alabama police department. One of the main criticisms the white clergy writes to King about is the idea of the outsider coming in to change the situation in Birmingham.…

    • 1427 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Decent Essays

    E: With this quote King shows his want for the White Church to step up and stand with the Civil Rights Movement. P: Also King thinks the White Church has strayed from the past of God because they follow unjust laws instead of following what is right. I: King gives the definition of unjust law: “An unjust law is a code that is out of harmony with the moral law” (356). E: King’s idea…

    • 234 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” written by Martin Luther King Jr. is in response to the clergymen who branded the protests against King’s confinement as “unwise and untimely.” While King does indicate that he does not usually reply to criticism, he does defend his nonviolent resistance approach toward racism. King reveals the four basic steps of nonviolent direct action which are: collection of facts, negotiation, self-purification, and direct action. He goes into incredibly emotional detail when describing the injustices towards blacks done by the whites. For instance, he mentions that the explanation to one’s six-year-old daughter as to why they cannot go to an exclusive all-white amusement park will leave “your tongue twisted and your speech…

    • 326 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    King’s letter exists as a lengthy appeal to emotion. Here, we must consider this in its effect on multiple audiences; the intended clergymen, and now as a historic piece, generations of everyday people. The situation in which King is writing is from the Birmingham City Jail, in response to a statement calling his campaigns for equality “unwise and untimely”. He disputes these claims in such a reasonable way that portrays his accuser’s to be especially cruel and unjust. His writing is abundant with detailed experiences of injustice had on his people, and his own disappointment in having “to explain to [his] six-year-old daughter why she can’t go to the local amusement park that was advertised on television (King 3), making the letter more personal.…

    • 968 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    By using this logical appeal, King demonstrates that the clergymen should not be condemning the effects, but rather blaming the triggers of the discontentment within the black community. The final criticism King faces is over his “willingness to break laws.” Ibid., 7. After accepting this valid concern, King quickly launches into several paragraphs in defense of lawbreaking as a moral action, established on the notion that there are just laws and there are unjust laws. King’s litmus test for that difference is whether a law…

    • 1001 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    King tries to establish mutual understanding by referring to his readers as “fellow clergymen” and “my Christian and Jewish brothers” (Par. 16). King wishes that the eight, white clergymen would support not only his actions but the reason behind them, instead of denouncing his character. King also repeatedly apologizes if he has exaggerated his case or been excessively cruel. King’s alternate audience is the white moderates who are witnessing the protests and punishment unfold. The white moderates feel sympathy for King and his cause but question his methods.…

    • 195 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The clergymen are called to serve God and lead their citizens closer to God, by them not accepting every race they have disobeyed God, which in turn makes them hypocritical. King makes them feel guilty to urge the clergymen and American citizens, to stand up and fight for what they want and what’s…

    • 1001 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Martin Luther King Jr. was an African American that lived and fought through racial oppression. He was one of the most well known leaders of nonviolent protests. Being a minority trying to persuade the privilege that it’s time for change is a tough job. In King Jr.’s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” has many components that are crucial to catching the audience attention and proving a point. In this letter Martin Luther King Jr. was responding back to rude comments that clergymen made about him and the protesting.…

    • 1284 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    By showing love and kindness to others, people usually imagine that he or she is a gentle spirit. This is how Jesus portrayed Himself. Jesus did not judge and He did nothing but represented God 's love to everyone. King is using this same concept, just as Jesus did, to show that the African American community is that of the same. Hate will perpetuate hate, leading to racial segregation.…

    • 901 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    During times of oppression and segregation in society, the church showed little care and support for blacks. Leaders in society who preach christianity went against the religious values. King, a preacher of christianity and lover of church. found himself disappointed with the church. In his letter, he exposes flaws in the church's decisions towards the atrocities in society. Through personal thoughts and feelings, King develops a fair, thoughtful argument against the church and its officials that could not be justified by the…

    • 83 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    1. In the salutation, King refers to himself as a “fellow” clergyman, building his ethos and credibility (1). By referring to himself as a member of the clergy, King asserts his equality and his stature in society. This statement is meant to evoke a sense of respect from the reader, and to force the reader to consider the ideas that will be explained.…

    • 1177 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    When King appeals to emotion he wants you to understand how colored people were treated. If you’re not a Negro or colored person you don’t know the struggles they go through on a daily basis just because of the color of their skin. Also, colored people keep getting told to “wait,” but nothing is happening, nothing is changing, everything is staying the same: “...when you take a cross-county drive and find it necessary to sleep night after night in the uncomfortable corners of your automobile because no motel will accept you; when you are humiliated day in and day out by nagging signs reading “white” and “colored”; when your first name becomes “nigger,” your middle name becomes “boy”…

    • 1081 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Letter from Birmingham Jail is an open letter written on April 16, 1963, by Martin Luther King, Jr. The letter defends the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism. It says that people have a moral responsibility to break unjust laws, and to take direct action rather than waiting potentially forever for justice to come through the courts. Although he was trapped in the prison, but he thought his idea was not to be tied, and he soon wrote a letter of focus is “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere” . He thought it has two laws, a just law is a man made code that squares with the moral law or the law of God.…

    • 777 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    King delivers a speech that says, “One hundred years later, the Negro is still not free, the Negro is still crippled by manacles if segregation and the chains of…

    • 1846 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    This is from a first-hand perspective, and when I read the statement it impacted me in a way that made me wonder how another human being could ever think to treat a group of people in this way. It is emotional; it stirs sympathy in the hearts of the audience. I don’t think, however, that was King’s motive; He wanted to make his point why desegregation cannot wait. Of course King knows that this type of narrative will incite sympathy, but what he must relay to the audience is that this is his reality.…

    • 1875 Words
    • 8 Pages
    • 1 Works Cited
    Superior Essays