Letter From Birmingham Jail Analysis

Improved Essays
In 1963, God was a long lost figure in American lives, as well as in many lives today. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. a pastor, husband, and loving father, writes a powerful biblically based letter in regards to a statement from a group of white clergymen. In this letter, King uses many strong Biblical allusions and Christian references, to create a sense of guilt in the minds of his readers and the churches of Birmingham, by comparing scripture and spiritual figures, to how the government and clergy should handle racial segregation issues, not only in Birmingham, but in all of America. King writes that, “Just as the Apostle Paul left his little village of Tarsus and carried the gospel of Jesus Christ…I am too compelled to carry the gospel of …show more content…
Augustine a Christian reference who says “An unjust law is no law at all (para.12).” King quotes St. Augustine to further exemplify his knowledge about the church, and by him also mentioning this biblical figure who valued freedom and sanctity, to reach out to the clergymen and American citizens to do the same. King believes that in order for a law to be just, it must reflect God’s law. He makes it evident that no court or government law is higher than God, as Christians King believes that all comes from and through God’s word, therefore making “laws” that the government creates a void. St. Thomas Aquinas believes “Any law that uplifts human personality is just. Any law that degrades human personality is unjust (para.13).” King uses these two Saints, people who have knowledge of The Bible and authority, to compare God’s laws and our government’s laws to substantiate that the people in charge of our country are unjust. King wants the clergymen to realize the government doesn’t have near the power God has, by everyone in America following God’s way we will be lead down a glorious, morally right, and equal way of life. King also uses Paul Tillich a Christian existentialist philosopher, who says “sin is separation. Is not segregation an existential expression of man’s tragic separation, his awful estrangement, his terrible sinfulness (para.13).” Therefore, giving King the ability to imply that separation and discrimination are morally wrong, and also points out …show more content…
By King comparing himself to biblical and political figures who are also considered extremist, will make the clergymen gain a sense of respect for him and he also leaves questions lingering in their minds “Will we be extremist for hate, or will we be extremist for love? Will we be extremist for the preservation of justice, or will we be extremist for the cause of justice (para.24)?” King uses this strategy to call the clergymen hypocrites. The clergymen say they are “Christians,” yet they change nothing about the laws or do the morally right thing to fit in with the crowd, because they are in fear of what the government would say. By King calling the men out on their blundering and unwillingness to cooperate, it makes them feel guilty about not staying true to their promises, which in turn makes King’s strategy effective. The clergymen are called to serve God and lead their citizens closer to God, by them not accepting every race they have disobeyed God, which in turn makes them hypocritical. King makes them feel guilty to urge the clergymen and American citizens, to stand up and fight for what they want and what’s

Related Documents

  • Superior Essays

    He stressed the errors of their ways, as “good” Christians. King concluded with an apology to any person that he might have disappointed or offended in the process of trying to get justice for…

    • 820 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Letter Read Around The World On April 16, 1963, while Martin Luther King Jr. was in jail for participating in a civil rights protest, he wrote a letter to eight clergymen to plead his case why the protests happening in Birmingham and all over the south were just. “Letter from Birmingham Jail” not only took the clergy by surprise, it took the whole nation by surprise. At the time of the letters publication, the nation was still divided by the Mason-Dixon line but for a different reason this time; the south was unfairly treating the African American citizens who lived there; stores wouldn't sell their goods to them, restaurants wouldn't serve them, African American people even had to use water fountains and bathrooms specifically marked…

    • 1090 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    King is talking about how Abraham Lincoln declared all slaves shall be free. The point both men were trying to prove is don’t just look at someone based on the colour of their skin, following the lines of “never judge a book by its…

    • 428 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Using diction, King elucidates the moral need for equality. Throughout his letter, King employs biblical references to compare his endeavors to those of early Christians. King writes, “. . . early Christians rejoiced at being deemed worthy to suffer for what they believed . .…

    • 652 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    King says that he and his fellow blacks have been denied the right to negotiate for a long time. While talking about creative tension, King says “… that it will inevitably open the door to negotiation” (King, Par. 10). This is a way that King uses metaphor in order to show how he feels that negotiation has been being unfairly withheld from the black community for far too long. King also describes the difference between unjust and just laws. King describes unjust laws as “difference made legal” and just laws as “sameness made legal” (King, Par. 15).…

    • 929 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    “Letter from Birmingham Jail” is a correspondence from notable civil rights activist Martin Luther King, Jr. to area members of the clergy who had criticized his manner of advocacy (King 1300). While pointing out he does not make a habit of responding to criticism, King nonetheless indicates he is responding to the pastors because they are level headed and mean well (King 1302). King articulates the purpose for which he is in the Birmingham jail by illustrating ideas of justice and instances of abuse while underscoring the urgency of a response from the Christian church to persecution of black individuals by unjust laws and law enforcement. King begins by exposing that he is in Birmingham in the first place because all Americans are harmed by immoral conduct (King 1302). Using a biblical reference, King calls attention to the clergy members’ lack of sympathy toward black Americans’ requests for equal treatment (King 1302).…

    • 1567 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    uses logos to defend and strengthen his argument against the clergymen. King establishes himself as being intelligent and well informed. He provides a great definition of “just and unjust laws”, “Any law that uplifts human personality is just. Any law that degrades human personality is law. All segregation statues are unjust because segregation distorts the soul and damage the personality” (King 153).…

    • 934 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    He urges his intended audience to acknowledge that there are discriminatory practices in the society and to inhibit it, physical actions must be taken. King attempted to encourage the readers by alluding to the individuals, whose civil disobedience was considered to be a positive action. “Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego,” the “Christians,” and “Socrates” are examples of such individuals (12). Furthermore, King also alluded to the discrimination faced by Jews during Nazi Germany to suggest that “I believe I would openly advocate disobeying these anti-religious laws,” (12). This signifies that King’s approach is to take actions, as opposed to tolerating the limitations and…

    • 759 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    By using this logical appeal, King demonstrates that the clergymen should not be condemning the effects, but rather blaming the triggers of the discontentment within the black community. The final criticism King faces is over his “willingness to break laws.” Ibid., 7. After accepting this valid concern, King quickly launches into several paragraphs in defense of lawbreaking as a moral action, established on the notion that there are just laws and there are unjust laws. King’s litmus test for that difference is whether a law…

    • 1001 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    King’s other strategy is allusions. He claims,”But though I was initially disappointed for being categorized as an extremist [...] was not Jesus an extremist for love:” (King) Here, King compares himself to Jesus. And the clergymen, being men of God, will see what King is doing is similar what Jesus was put in jail for. Then the clergymen will start to understand why King’s protests for the civil rights movement are a good…

    • 875 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Henry David Thoreau were both great literary figures in the United States, yet they lived in different time periods. Thoreau’s “Civil Disobedience” and King’s Letter to Birmingham Jail”are quite similar, in addition obtain certain differences between the texts. Both writers demonstrate each other 's audience on ways of being civilly disobedient towards their corrupt government and how to have a relationship with them. On the other hand, certain differences, both texts possess are whom it was addressed to as well as the occasions and appeal. Both texts fractions in similarities and differences through their analysis, such as occasion, strategies used, and other figures used in their writings.…

    • 1251 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Any piece of persuasive writing requires the establishment of credibility for the author 's point of view. Thomas Jefferson, and Dr. Martin Luther King jr, generally used some combination of reasoning, evidence, personal experience, and allusions to produce authority. Which refer to Rhetorical Analysis for example ethos, pathos, and logos. King and Jefferson writings is extremely effective upon the audience are referring to. They both used the Rhetorical appeals that reveal specific ways that each of them used the strategy appropriate enough to a specific way in order to get their messages across to their audience.…

    • 1423 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    On the seventh page, King alludes that the accusations of his extremisms are more akin to great leaders of history such than the Black Muslim movement. “Was not Jesus an extremist for love… not Amos an extremist for justice… Was not Paul an extremist for the Christian gospel” (King 7), he positions himself among the aforementioned figures, among others, to establish further credibility and essentially ensure his critics that while they may think his actions are wrong now, in the future they will be revered as extreme actions that brought peace. He asks them, as fellow religious leaders, to entrust faith into his cause, just as the supporters of Jesus did, and the supporters of Martin Luther, Lincoln, the forefathers, and others. This allusion makes for an emotionally compelling argument because it presents his critics with the option to support the status quo or participate in a revolution that is destine to change the world just as Jesus, Lincoln, and others have before him. While this may appear pretentious, it actually elevates his cause to a biblical level.…

    • 608 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Martin Luther King Jr. and Frederick Douglass are two African American activists who lived in different centuries. The former fought for African American civil rights in 20th century while the later strived for abolition of slavery in 19th century, but they both carried one single agenda or goal in common –fighting for the equality and integration of African-Americans. In the Letter from Birmingham Jail and the Narrative of an African American Slave, Martin Luther King and Frederick Douglass have similarities and differences in their views of Christianity’s role in the larger context. For example, both Martin Luther King and Frederick Douglass expressed their indignation and criticism towards the white Christian churches for their justification and permission of slavery and segregation, although the tone or the severity of such condemnation differs. Moreover, King also holds more optimism towards the role of Christianity in overcoming the legacies of slavery and segregation and takes a more progressive stance on such matter.…

    • 1923 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Elie Wiesel, a writer and Holocaust survivor says during his Nobel Prize acceptance speech, “We must always take sides. Neutrality helps the oppressor, never the victim. Silence encourages the tormentor, never the tormented.” This idea states that the act of keeping quiet and not questioning an immoral authority only gives power to the oppressors. By speaking up for what is right, the power is given to the people to repair an unjust government.…

    • 971 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays