Legislation on animal care in most countries is inadequate hence allows for brutal handling of animals. Vague laws and many exemptions cause this cruelty. An example is in the United States, where the law defines animals as property, therefore, giving the owners full rights on how to handle them. Similarly, public and media opinions in Canada oppose World Society for the Protection of Animals (WSPA) view that animals are not raw materials meant for human benefit. Ecological justice, therefore, considers only justice between humans without considering other non-human animals. The effects of this are low consideration of animals and poor, ineffective animal laws. This causes mishandling of animals that affect the animals and pass over to the
