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One implementation that has been made is to improve childbirth and health of women and children in the U.S is the reduction of infant mortality. This was implemented by expanding programs that prepare mother for childbirth where they are educated on what to expect during labor and delivery. Immunization was implement to improve the health of children. Also implemented is skilled care during pregnancy and childbirth.

2. How is low birth weight defined? Gestational age? Identify five risk factors associated with LBW and preterm birth. Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as a birth weight of a live born child who weighs less than 5 pounds and 8 ounces at birth. Gestational age is defined as the age of a pregnancy starting count from the
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Maternal mobility is defined as the death of a woman while pregnant or within one year of pregnancy irrespective of the cause of the death. 4. What Healthy People 2020 initiative(s)/objective(s) address maternal and child health issues? The health people creating social and physical environments that promotes good health for all.
Attaining high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability injury and premature death.

Promote quality of life and healthy behaviors across all life stage.

5. Identify and describe one program that has been initiated as an intervention to improve mortality rates among women, infants, or children. One program that has been initiated as an intervention to improve mortality rates among children is the World Health Organization (WHO) interventions to reduce infant mortality. This initiative expands programs on immunization along with skilled care during pregnancy and childbirth. 6. Elaborate on the causes of racial disparities in birth outcomes between African Americans and whites in the

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