What is a laccase?
Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2, benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductase) are monomeric, dimeric or tetrameric glycoproteins that are typically extracellular and categorized as multi copper oxidases (Mate and Alcalde, 2016a).They catalyze the oxidation of compounds that are coupled with the four-electron reduction of "O" _"2" "to" "H" _"2" "O" . They are regarded as eco-friendly enzymes. Laccases have been first discovered in 1883, which makes it one of the oldest enzymes ever observed (Kunamneni et al., 2008).Laccases are found in a diversity of fungi, bacteria and higher plant species (Santhanam et al., 2011). These laccases are involved in a degree of polymerization or depolymerization processes. In plants, they are involved in …show more content…
Laccase: Dynamic site structure and reactant cycle. (a) Model of the catalytic cluster of the laccase from Trametes versicolor made of four copper molecules. Type I (T1) copper presents the trademark blue colouring to the protein and is the site where substrate oxidation occurs. Type 2 (T2) and Type 3 (T3) copper form a trinuclear center, where the reduction of molecular oxygen and release of water takes place. (b) Schematic portrayal of a laccase reaction cycle producing two atoms of water from the reduction of one oxygen molecule and the associative oxidation (at the T1 copper site) of four substrate molecules to the relating radicals. Sub: substrate particle; Sub: oxidized substrate radicals(Riva, …show more content…
According to Tavares et al. (2009), the use of colored compounds of active dyes are applied in the staining of cellulosic fibers, these dye compounds are deposited in wastewater to form high-coloured wastewater. The use of traditional processes to treat this wastewater is costly and inefficient. To avoid this problem, a process using laccase enzyme degrades most of the chemical structures of the dyes (Bhamare and Sayyed).Laccase enzymes have also been known to anticipate back-recoloring of pigmented textiles. As a major aspect of the washing procedure, laccase could quickly blanch discharged dyestuff achieving benefits such as a decrease in handling time, energy utilization, and water required for exceptional quality of the textile acted upon (Madhavi and Lele, 2009). Laccase is also included in the purging formulation for the expulsion of odors from fabrics, clothing, couch surfaces, and curtains, as well in combination of detergent to eradicate odor development during cloth washing (Piscitelli et al.,
Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2, benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductase) are monomeric, dimeric or tetrameric glycoproteins that are typically extracellular and categorized as multi copper oxidases (Mate and Alcalde, 2016a).They catalyze the oxidation of compounds that are coupled with the four-electron reduction of "O" _"2" "to" "H" _"2" "O" . They are regarded as eco-friendly enzymes. Laccases have been first discovered in 1883, which makes it one of the oldest enzymes ever observed (Kunamneni et al., 2008).Laccases are found in a diversity of fungi, bacteria and higher plant species (Santhanam et al., 2011). These laccases are involved in a degree of polymerization or depolymerization processes. In plants, they are involved in …show more content…
Laccase: Dynamic site structure and reactant cycle. (a) Model of the catalytic cluster of the laccase from Trametes versicolor made of four copper molecules. Type I (T1) copper presents the trademark blue colouring to the protein and is the site where substrate oxidation occurs. Type 2 (T2) and Type 3 (T3) copper form a trinuclear center, where the reduction of molecular oxygen and release of water takes place. (b) Schematic portrayal of a laccase reaction cycle producing two atoms of water from the reduction of one oxygen molecule and the associative oxidation (at the T1 copper site) of four substrate molecules to the relating radicals. Sub: substrate particle; Sub: oxidized substrate radicals(Riva, …show more content…
According to Tavares et al. (2009), the use of colored compounds of active dyes are applied in the staining of cellulosic fibers, these dye compounds are deposited in wastewater to form high-coloured wastewater. The use of traditional processes to treat this wastewater is costly and inefficient. To avoid this problem, a process using laccase enzyme degrades most of the chemical structures of the dyes (Bhamare and Sayyed).Laccase enzymes have also been known to anticipate back-recoloring of pigmented textiles. As a major aspect of the washing procedure, laccase could quickly blanch discharged dyestuff achieving benefits such as a decrease in handling time, energy utilization, and water required for exceptional quality of the textile acted upon (Madhavi and Lele, 2009). Laccase is also included in the purging formulation for the expulsion of odors from fabrics, clothing, couch surfaces, and curtains, as well in combination of detergent to eradicate odor development during cloth washing (Piscitelli et al.,