Cellular Respiration Lab

Superior Essays
Determining Enzymes that Result to Mutation on the three Stages of Cellular Respiration

Mary A Enriquez
University of the Pacific
November 11, 2014
2 Green
Dr. Geoffrey Lin-Cereghino

Abstract: The purpose of this lab is to determine which type of food source could possibly help strains grow on both permissive and restrictive temperature. Based on all the chemicals accumulating, we can determine the enzymes that are used to inhibit the three stages of cellular respiration.
Introduction: For cells to successfully accomplish its task such as moving and reproducing, it needs energy. Most energy comes from the sun and the energy is stored in organic molecules. Cells release its stored energy by converting chemical energy in glucose
…show more content…
According to cod.edu, Alterations in key portions of a protein may lead to changes in the specificities of the protein and this is a temperature sensitive mutation. Proteins are not for heat exposure. A temperature sensitive mutation lowers the critical melting temperature for the protein, thus making it denature at a lower temperature than the normal gene product (See cod.edu, 2000). A temperature-sensitive mutation makes a certain wild-type phenotype under the permissive temperature that would work and then there is a phenotype mutated that could survive in restrictive …show more content…
There are enzymes that are not functioning correctly before these compounds in which they are accumulating. In strain 136, the compound Fructose 1,6 biphosphate is collected in experiment 1 and in experiment two we see that it grew in restrictive temperature where it is also adapting to other food sources. The enzyme that is mutated to get use to its restrictive temperature is phosphofructokinase and this enzyme make its phosphate group go to the other end of the sugar. In strain 152, 3-phosphoglycerate accumulates because of the enzyme Phosphoglycerokinase helps it to grow in the restrictive temperature. The pyruvate kinase is an enzyme that is functioning incorrectly after because in the second experiment pyruvate did not accumulate and it did not grow in the unknown food source and restrictive temperature. The pyruvate strains only grew when it is added with fatty acids and heated to the restrictive temperature. I conclude that enzymes mutated could possibly stop the process of glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transfer chain and different conditions could improve growth of each

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    State the optimum pH for sucrase activity and describe how sucrase activity changes at more acidic and more alkaline pH values. Table 2: Effect of Temperature on Sucrase Activity Optical Density 10 °CC (50 °F) 20 °C (68 °F) 30 °C (86 °F) 40 °C (104 °F) 50 °C (122 °F) 60 °C (140 °F) 70 °C (158 °F) 1 0.006 0.273 0.791 0.940 0.927 0.807 0.613 2 0.010 0.285 0.761 0.954 0.934 0.846 0.604 3 0.009 0.255 0.773 0.941 0.907 0.845 0.642 average 0.008 0.271 0.775 0.945 0.923 0.833 0.620 Effect of Temperature on Sucrase Activity 2. Was the rate of increase of sucrase activity higher at a pH of 8.5 or a pH of 5.5?…

    • 1040 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    A total of four microorganisms were isolated from the sample brought back from Mars. To identify the microorganisms which were isolated from the sample brought back from Mars, an rDNA sequence analysis was required. Every sequence had an S_ab score of 1.000 meaning the sequence is identical to the microorganism that it was matched to. Before gathering phenotypic results, we gathered phylogenetic data for the four microorganisms which includes Micrococcus luteus, Citrobacter freundii, Hafnia alvei, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Micrococcus luteus is a gram positive, coccus shaped microorganism that is nonmotile and unable to grow on glucose minimal media or simmons citrate agar (Kocur, 1972;).…

    • 963 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    What predictions would you make about the enzyme activity if you were to continue to change each of the factors in Parts A – E? The predictions that would be concluded about the enzyme activity if it were to continue and change each of the factors in Parts A – E, would be that enzyme activity will decrease due to the optimal temperature, pH, concentrations, and metal salt concentration not being obtained. How does changing the concentration of enzyme affect the rate of decomposition of H2O2?…

    • 680 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Peroxidase Lab Report

    • 450 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The hypothesis was proven wrong by the timing and values of the graph. I believe this was caused by the enzyme having to break apart a heightened amount of substrates in the mixed test tubes. This caused the initial data to yield a quicker reaction (on the basest of browning in color) compared to the altered data. The independent variable of this experiment was time, while the dependent variable was the color as the reaction is completely dependent on the duration of time. There were numerous potentially sources of error during this experiment.…

    • 450 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Catalase Experiment

    • 881 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The effect of altering temperature on the rate of liver enzyme activity is measured in this experiment to be able to visualize how temperature in the environment and in the body can manipulate the rate of enzyme activity. Enzymes are protein catalysts that lower the amount of activation energy required to start a biochemical reaction. According to Dr. Meyertholen (2015), enzymes are structured to work with certain substrates, meaning that the structure determines the function of the enzyme. If the enzymes shape is altered, they become denatured. Denaturation of an enzyme can occur with changes in factors such as temperature, pH, or salinity.…

    • 881 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    In most cases, a chemical reaction is able to occur in more than one way; enzyme kinetics studies the effect of how biological catalysts can influence biochemical reactions. Enzymes play an important role in regulating metabolic pathways in the human body and without enzymes they will not function efficiently. The rate of a reaction is enhanced by enzyme activity which provides alternate pathways for the reaction to proceed by.…

    • 177 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Enzymes Lab

    • 1266 Words
    • 6 Pages

    They catalyze most of the reactions compromised in metabolism and they do not just make the majority of the reactions possible, but also serve as mechanism of stabilization and control for these reactions. It is fair enough to admit that without the presence of enzymes life would not be possible. Enzymes kinetics focuses on how the enzymes behave in response to different concentrations of both substrates and products. During this lab the kinetics of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase will be explored. Alkaline phosphatase is considered as an ubiquitous enzyme which can be obtained by isolation from kidney, bone, plasma, intestine, liver, among others.…

    • 1266 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    When 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate get reduced, one of the phosphates get split off and 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is convert to glyceraldehyde 3-bisphosphate, which can then enter glycolysis as a precursor metabolite. In the regeneration phase, some of the glyceraldehyde 3-bisphosphate that was form can be used to convert back to ribulose 5-phosphate through a series of reactions. Ribulose 5-phosphate then get phosphorylated by hydrolysis of another ATP molecule to form ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate, which can return back to the carboxylation phase and go through another cycle of the CBB pathway. The reverse citric acid cycle is another pathway that can be used for carbon fixation that is utilize by lithoautotroph bacteria and…

    • 366 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Db Enzyme Lab Report

    • 1965 Words
    • 8 Pages

    McKinney, Susan. "Introduction to Enzymes." Temperature Effects. Worthington Biochemical Corporation, n.d. Web. 05…

    • 1965 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Enzyme Lab Report

    • 787 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Different enzymes have different properties where the reactions may be vigrous or happens in stable manner in certain time period.…

    • 787 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    The purpose of this experiment was to examine the effects of different types of enzymes on different substrates, and how pH influences the ability of enzymes to breakdown proteins. Starch and albumin were used as the substrate to test the enzymes amylase, pepsin, trypsin, and unknown enzyme T. Lugol’s solution was used to test for the presence of undigested starch, while Biuret solution and Ninhydrin solution were used to test for the presence of undigested protein and amino acids respectively. There were many key findings in this experiment, one of which is that amylase was able to digest starch at all pH conditions, as it showed a gold colour, while pepsin, trypsin and the unknown enzyme T still had the presence of starch, as it showed a dark blue colour using Lugol’s solution.…

    • 313 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Discussion: The specific purpose for this study was to see how enzyme activity would change as there was a change in temperature and pH. Both temperature and pH were hypothesized to have an affect on enzyme activity. Each had an optimal temperature. At this point, the rate of enzyme activity would stop increasing and begin to decrease. For temperature, it was hypothesized that the optimal temperature would be 48°C.…

    • 1717 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Determining The Process of Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Using Elodea and Yeast Introduction Photosynthesis is an essential process to life on earth, in which plants and other organisms use sunlight to create food from oxygen, and carbon dioxide. Cellular respiration is when energy in food is released and converted to ATP, which is then used as chemical energy to complete tasks within a cell. This process usually requires oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are similar in some areas and different in others. The purpose of both of the process is to produce energy, but they have different ways of achieving this goal.…

    • 1180 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The purpose of conducting this experiment was to explore how different factors affect the reaction rate of enzymes reacting with their corresponding substrates in order to learn more about how enzymes function in different environments. The independent variables investigated in this experiment were the concentration of different substrates, the temperature of the environment, and the effect of a catalyst on the reaction rate. The dependent variable for all of the investigations was the time it took for the reaction to occur. To investigate the effect of the concentration of the substrate on the reaction time, four test tubes were used.…

    • 1027 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Another possible factor that could have brought about the flawed results is a mistake in measurement, specifically in temperature. The goal was to have the optimal temperature present so that amylase for both bacteria and fungus could synthesize. If the temperature had been correct, then the results would have looked more like the expected results in Figures 4 and 5. This error was not limited to just this group, rather the majority of the class got these same flawed…

    • 691 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays