LD50: A Symptomatic Analysis

Toxicity is the levels of chemical which causes harm to organism. A median level toxicity, LD50 is the levels of chemical required to kill half the population on organisms. LD50 metrics is used to define toxicity and any level beyond this measure is considered lethal causing acute toxicity and mortality. At No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) , there is no biologically or statically significant adverse effect of exposure on organism. The exposure level in minimum and the risk is acceptable. Any level above NOAEL and below LD50 is considered sublethal. The dose response relationship is linear and it is dependent on duration of exposure. The pharmacodynamics helps us to understand how a chemical binds to tissues through a receptor. The duration of …show more content…
The wings of honey bees are designed in a way that they cannot survive cold weather, so they have to stay in the comb during winters. However, the hives were devoid of bees after winter despite of sufficient nutrition and had intact combs with no sign of robbing or dead bees. This symptomatic disease was labeled as colony collapse disorder (CCD) and in order to treat this disease it was important to find the cause. The causes like migration, malnutrition, climate change, pathogens and pesticide exposures were studied. Neonicotinoid is an insecticide which is widely used in the whole world. It is the least studied pesticide in public health and medicine and there is no epidemiological data, exposure or other published data in this area. It has unique water soluble properties. The powder drops are taken up by moist soil and absorbed uniformly by the whole plant. The neonicotinoid entered the US market in 2003 and 93% of corn grown in USA is genetically modified which depends the use of this pesticide. It is important to consider the timing here as during this period the CCD was