1. Introduction
Labels are given without a second thought about what the consequences might be. A person can let these labels define them or they can use these labels as stepping stones to help them reach a goal, for example to become a better person. John Braithwaite saw the potential shaming can have when it is applied in the right way.
In this assignment the student will give a short description of the five theories that form part of Braithwaite’s integrated theory on shaming. These theories are control theory, opportunity theory, sub-cultural theory, learning theory and labelling theory. Shaming is an important factor in labelling theory and therefore formed the main focus of Braithwaite’s theory and the student will discuss this theory in more detail.
2. Definitions
2.1 Label
The negativity of the term “label” can be found in the definition thereof. A label can be defined as a word or phrase used to refer to something or …show more content…
Opportunity theory
From the definition given in the Sage dictionary of Criminology (McLaughlin and Muncie, 2013) the student concludes that the opportunity theory is an approach developed to examine the characteristics of situations that bring about opportunities for criminal activities to take place.
Opportunity theory explains the diversity in criminal behaviour more than merely relying on the self-control of the individual (Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990). For a crime to take place a number of factors comes into play. There are different types of opportunities and if the opportunity to commit a crime is absent, the break-down of ones’ self-control is not enough to drive a person to commit a crime (Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990).
When considering the above mentioned information the student can determine that the opportunity theory looks outside the individual to consider explanations for deviant behaviour. Once an individual decides to commit a deviant act there is not just one factor that led to that decision.
5. Subcultural
Labels are given without a second thought about what the consequences might be. A person can let these labels define them or they can use these labels as stepping stones to help them reach a goal, for example to become a better person. John Braithwaite saw the potential shaming can have when it is applied in the right way.
In this assignment the student will give a short description of the five theories that form part of Braithwaite’s integrated theory on shaming. These theories are control theory, opportunity theory, sub-cultural theory, learning theory and labelling theory. Shaming is an important factor in labelling theory and therefore formed the main focus of Braithwaite’s theory and the student will discuss this theory in more detail.
2. Definitions
2.1 Label
The negativity of the term “label” can be found in the definition thereof. A label can be defined as a word or phrase used to refer to something or …show more content…
Opportunity theory
From the definition given in the Sage dictionary of Criminology (McLaughlin and Muncie, 2013) the student concludes that the opportunity theory is an approach developed to examine the characteristics of situations that bring about opportunities for criminal activities to take place.
Opportunity theory explains the diversity in criminal behaviour more than merely relying on the self-control of the individual (Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990). For a crime to take place a number of factors comes into play. There are different types of opportunities and if the opportunity to commit a crime is absent, the break-down of ones’ self-control is not enough to drive a person to commit a crime (Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990).
When considering the above mentioned information the student can determine that the opportunity theory looks outside the individual to consider explanations for deviant behaviour. Once an individual decides to commit a deviant act there is not just one factor that led to that decision.
5. Subcultural