The attachment theory is well known to those in the field of psychology and child development. It was presented in the mid-to-late nineteen fifties by the world renown psychoanalyst John Bowlby, and later expanded upon with the help of psychologist Mary Ainsworth. The theory was considered revolutionary due to its shift in the focus of human development from intrapersonal conflicts to interpersonal relations to explain psychosocial health and behaviors. Bowlby focused most of his theory on the observable responses of children when separated from their primary caregivers. How can a theory based on these behavioral responses, be considered an important middle range nursing theory? The answer to such a question is based on the understanding of
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They are the center of evidence based practice, and thus are often being applied by nurses, in all disciplines, subconsciously. They function to “describe, explain, or predict phenomena, and …must be explicit and testable” (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p 214). Generally, the concepts focus on the four metaparadigm points of nursing, person, health, or environment. Additionally, when applied to nursing practice, they “have the potential to guide nursing interventions and change conditions of a situation to enhance nursing care” (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p 214). Therefore, middle range theories, although not narrowly focused or comprehensive, they seek to explain some noticed phenomena by identifying concepts and their interconnected …show more content…
Anxious avoidance patterns included avoiding eye contact and using toys as a distraction when stressed and interacting with primary caregiver, and is often seen in maltreated or abused children. Anxious ambivalence is also seen most commonly in maltreated infants, but mostly in neglect situations. It involves a pattern of behavior associated with concern for the whereabouts of a primary caregiver with varying behaviors of helplessness, passivity, and anger. Disorganized attachment includes behaviors meaningless body movements or tics when stressed, often related to prolonged isolation, neurological conditions, or even medication intervention in infancy (Peterson & Bredow,
They are the center of evidence based practice, and thus are often being applied by nurses, in all disciplines, subconsciously. They function to “describe, explain, or predict phenomena, and …must be explicit and testable” (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p 214). Generally, the concepts focus on the four metaparadigm points of nursing, person, health, or environment. Additionally, when applied to nursing practice, they “have the potential to guide nursing interventions and change conditions of a situation to enhance nursing care” (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p 214). Therefore, middle range theories, although not narrowly focused or comprehensive, they seek to explain some noticed phenomena by identifying concepts and their interconnected …show more content…
Anxious avoidance patterns included avoiding eye contact and using toys as a distraction when stressed and interacting with primary caregiver, and is often seen in maltreated or abused children. Anxious ambivalence is also seen most commonly in maltreated infants, but mostly in neglect situations. It involves a pattern of behavior associated with concern for the whereabouts of a primary caregiver with varying behaviors of helplessness, passivity, and anger. Disorganized attachment includes behaviors meaningless body movements or tics when stressed, often related to prolonged isolation, neurological conditions, or even medication intervention in infancy (Peterson & Bredow,