Rousseau's Changes In Government During The Enlightenment Era

Improved Essays
The Enlightenment Era consisted of numerous changes in politics, philosophy, and government. France had always been ruled under kings and his supporters, however, the common citizens grew impatient with this form of government and started questioning whether or not it was the best style. Jean Jacques Rousseau greatly impacted the changes in government during the Enlightenment Era. Rousseau, like the other philosophes, pushed to benefit the social and political power of the common citizen. He argued that the individual freedoms and the right and ability for people to govern themselves were natural rights that should be practiced by the people. By criticizing the French society and government, Rousseau inspired changes of individual freedoms and rights. These changes later sparked the desire of other …show more content…
In 1762, one of his most famous works, The Social Contract, was written. The document explained that “social order is a sacred right which is the basis of all other rights” (Rousseau 6). Rousseau desired eliminate the French monarchy by returning the social freedoms and rights back to citizens. Through examining the individual freedoms and rights, Rousseau constructed a basis for a democracy in France. He inspired citizens to demand for more rights so that it would increase their individual power while it decreased the monarch’s power over the citizens and government. In America, colonists noticed that the French broke away from old styles of government because of the influence of the new Enlightenment ideas and Rousseau’s influence. The ideas also inspired them to seek more individual rights, as well as demand freedom from England. Although monarchs opposed Rousseau’s ideas, imprisoned him, and banned The Social Contract, he remained devoted to arguing for the social and individual freedoms that citizens continued to practice in modern day France and

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    During the late 18th century there was a revolution amidst the people of France to overthrow the corrupt absolute monarchy. Under this monarchy the King had the authority to do as he pleased. Influences of Enlightenment thinking made worthy contributions to the development of the Declaration of the Rights of Man, most notably from Jean Rousseau’s writings of The Social Contract. The Declaration of Rights of Man was an influential document of the French Revolution because its articles advocated the termination of aristocratic privileges, granting birth-given rights to all men and the king no longer had absolute rule over the nation, in which the law protected its citizens.…

    • 928 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    This publication was more accomplishing than the First Discourse; its content was what made Rousseau fall into the category of an Enlightenment thinker. The start of Rousseau developing his theories of “human social development and moral psychology”(Stanford Encyclopedia) can be seen. Rousseau discusses about two types of inequality: moral and natural (or physical). In the first half of the Discourse of Inequality, “The natural man is well balanced by his two trends, pity (which pushes it to the other) and self-preservation (which isolates). In marital status, laws and virtues play the roles of these two instincts” (Tim).…

    • 387 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Dorinda Outram’s book The Enlightenment contains the chapter “Enlightenment and Government” which highlights that contrary to popular belief, not all philosophes had the same ideas when it came to the ideal government. Outram focuses on the misconceptions people had about the Enlightenment and bring to light the true differences people had about government during this time period. Outram discusses the relationship between the Enlightenment and government, a relationship that has had few research. Through the lives of three leaders in Enlightenment and government John Lock, Baron de Montesquieu, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, it is clear how philosophes greatly differed yet had many similarities in the way they viewed government. John Locke’s view of government is based on the idea that all men are in a state of nature by God; Locke refers to this state as perfect freedom in Second Treatise on Government.…

    • 1290 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    It emphasized independence of the self and also what is natural to man. An epitome of the ideology of Enlightenment can be seen from John Locke’s Two Treatise on Civil Government. This writing includes the statement that, “the natural liberty of man is to be free from any superior power on earth, and not to be under the will or legislative authority of man, but to have only the law of nature for his rule.” This type of thinking not only drastically changes political understanding, but also changes how the individual is viewed. Expanding to include even women, Jean-Jacque Rousseau wrote extensively about what he considered was appropriate for women.…

    • 1935 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    In the eighteenth century, a cultural change consisting of philosophical thinking and new ideals transpired, known as the Enlightenment. It consisted of scientific reason and logic rather than religious faith. Many of the policies revolved around around man’s natural rights to life, liberty and property, as well as who should truly be in power and rule. Many of these Enlightened ideas inspired various groups of people, those who sparked revolutions globally, including the French and Latin American Revolutions. The French Revolution from 1788 to 1799 consisted of various political and social acts by those who wanted to remove the idea of absolute monarchy in their government, and instead create one elected by the people.…

    • 1315 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Running Head: Liberty 2 Rousseau idea of civil liberty was adapted by king in his letter. King talks about the idea of society accepting the blacks and protecting them from segregation and other brutal rules. As captured in Rousseau’s work the common interest should overweight the individual interests just as postulated in Kings Letter. Kings adapts the idea where the state of nature is termed as better than slavery in the society from Rousseau. He also adapts the idea of common good, which focuses on the importance of adapting Common interest of the society as a whole (Seigel, 2005).…

    • 1045 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Thomas Paine also cemented their ideas of elected politicians should have no differing opinion than of the electors, thus ensuring rule by the common man’s will. However especially during the Revolutionary War, it was a well very well received document as it discussed the separation between England and the colonies. Rousseau was another leader the Anti-federalists of whom they took cues from. Rousseau was known to have a more complacent view on man in nature, believing people were born free, and the only chains on man are that of government. Their writings also included discussion that government, if not following the people’s will, should be broken as it means the social contract between government and people has been severed.…

    • 1806 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The history of colonial America and the colonists’ erudite actions to gain their independence from Britain has served as a microcosm in history to display how the American Revolution was crucial and influenced several movements around the world such as the French Revolution. Some might even argue that the French Revolution also inspired European revolutionary movements and the Russian Revolution around the 1940s. The thirteen colonies altered the way they were being run and developed a unique form of a democratic government after colonists saw interference by the British as denial and restriction of their simple rights that other British subjects possessed without any limitations. The entire world was in awe after witnessing the thirteen colonies…

    • 1004 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Rousseau places a great deal of importance on the common good and therefore somewhat rejects personal freedoms. He believes that in order to be a part of the Social Contract, in which he believes man is free, personal freedom must be ignored. In the state of nature, man is free to indulge in their personal needs and freedoms and therefore must be disregarded in order to unsure the common good. If an individual disagrees with the majority, they are inherently wrong and should be forced to obey the general will. Rousseau states, “whoever refuses to obey the general will will be forced to do so by the entire community” (Rousseau, 150).…

    • 1838 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The purpose of law for Rousseau is to communicate the general will of the people. The general will of the people puts the common interest of all involved at the forefront. Whereas in the state of nature there was a sense of inequality, once the social contract is in effect there is equality as everyone is needed for the common good to take place. In order for these laws to be enacted the majority must agree to give up their individual rights for the protection of all. The sovereign hopes to serve the common good while putting private interest last.…

    • 2006 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The United States Constitution is a document written to embody the fundamental laws of the United States. The first draft of the Constitution was called the Articles of Confederation, but the colonists quickly realized that the form of government the Articles of Confederation created was not going to work well. Consequently, the colonists held a Constitutional Convention, in 1787, the Constitutional Convention was held to amend the Articles of Confederation, they ended up drafting an entirely new Constitution. Some of the people who attended the Convention were Alexander Hamilton, George Washington, James Madison, Benjamin Franklin, and more. This new Constitution took a long time to construct, but eventually was ratified in 1788.…

    • 1741 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Maxwell James 9/29/16 Mr. Puzzo World History (H) John Locke and the French Revolution John Locke was a French philosopher and was interested in how a citizen and a government interact together, in times of peace and in times of tension. John Locke studied government and came to many conclusions; the role of government is to protect citizen’s natural rights: Life, Liberty and property. If a government wasn’t adequately protecting citizen’s natural rights, the citizens had a responsibility to overthrow that government and establish a new government that does better to protect those rights.…

    • 1271 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The French Revolution was a revolution in France that overthrew the monarchy from 1789 to 1799 and is generally indicated as the end of the Enlightenment. The French Revolution was influenced by Enlightenment ideals and helped shape the nation. The Enlightenment was a time period during the 18th century that stressed thought and reason, as well as the power of individuals to have a say in how their country was run. Philosophers such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, and many others wanted to make drastic changes in government, religion, economics, and more. Their teachings inspired citizens to take a stand on unfair government ways which gave them the transformation they wanted to see in society.…

    • 1247 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Rousseau criticizes the state of nature described by Hobbes; instead of a constant state of fear, Rousseau described it as equality and happiness. Through the passage of time, the state of nature started to disappear as small communities formed, here man started to make comparisons to one another as class divisions developed. For Rousseau private property was a drastic change because communities went away from a simple state to one that consisted of greed and rivalry. Disapproving of Hobbes, who argued that people surrendered rights to an overall “ruler”, Rousseau believed people surrendered their rights to each other, in other words the community. For Rousseau, modern civilization took away the good parts of the early societies and replaced it with a society revolved around the state.…

    • 1070 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Rousseau stood firm in his belief of what the right form of government would look like or at least appear to be, but also argues that people are surrendering rights and freedom to themselves while establishing a civil society. In the reading A World of Ideas; Jean-Jacques Rousseau “The Origin of Civil Society” by Lee Jacobus, they briefly describe what kind of arguments and challenges he had faced from opposing famous philosophers ' beliefs. Some of which including those who played a role in aiding the development of the type of government seen in America today. In the book Jacobus…

    • 1840 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays