Throughout the years, authors have studied the interactions between the species of the earth and have conveyed their findings through their literary works. Authors, such as, Charles Darwin, Sir James George Frazer, and Jack London, all have published works in this area. These three authors have several points that are similar to each other, as well as their differences also. The points are: the relationships between humans and animals, the competition for life in all species, and the instincts that animals possess. Also, the main goal of life, which is survival, is deeply embodied in each of these works. First, animals and humans have interacted with each other for numerous years. Examples of these interactions can be found within the works
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The chapter titled “Struggle for Existence” in the work On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin, talks about the process of natural selection and adaptation. Natural selection is the way of nature to choose the strongest of the species to survive so that the bloodline can be carried on. Several factors attribute to natural selection, such as, climate and the fight for resources against other species. These factors also provide a reason for adaptation, or change, in order to avoid death. In The Call of the Wild, Buck is forced to adapt to the harshness of Alaska and its humans in order to maintain his existence. Buck underwent many adaptations in the story; he had to become dominant to survive attacks from the other dogs, he needed to watch the ways the dogs found shelter and other resources, and he was required to learn the law in which his owners governed in order to avoid being beaten. In the work of Frazer, the tribes must kill the animals for meat and supplies in pursuance of their survival. Certain tribes would kill the animals before they grew old and weak, which is an example of natural selection, because of the belief that the animals were reincarnated after death. The constant battle between the species of the earth is shown in the works of Darwin, London and
The chapter titled “Struggle for Existence” in the work On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin, talks about the process of natural selection and adaptation. Natural selection is the way of nature to choose the strongest of the species to survive so that the bloodline can be carried on. Several factors attribute to natural selection, such as, climate and the fight for resources against other species. These factors also provide a reason for adaptation, or change, in order to avoid death. In The Call of the Wild, Buck is forced to adapt to the harshness of Alaska and its humans in order to maintain his existence. Buck underwent many adaptations in the story; he had to become dominant to survive attacks from the other dogs, he needed to watch the ways the dogs found shelter and other resources, and he was required to learn the law in which his owners governed in order to avoid being beaten. In the work of Frazer, the tribes must kill the animals for meat and supplies in pursuance of their survival. Certain tribes would kill the animals before they grew old and weak, which is an example of natural selection, because of the belief that the animals were reincarnated after death. The constant battle between the species of the earth is shown in the works of Darwin, London and