Informative Essay On Typhoid Mary Mallon

Superior Essays
Typhoid Fever
You have no doubt heard about the notorious case of Typhoid Mary. Mary Mallon, more commonly known by the title of Typhoid Mary, was a cook who resided in New York City who was responsible for unwittingly infecting nearly 53 people with typhoid and causing 3 deaths as a result. Despite being prohibited from continuing to work as a cook, she took up a new identity to continue working. This led to another typhoid outbreak that led to her being forced into quarantine for nearly 30 years. Today she lives in infamy for knowingly spreading typhoid and causing nationwide panics. We will give you a general overview of how this disease works, how it’s diagnosed and how to treat it.
Typhoid is a highly infectious bacterial disease caused
…show more content…
It can also be caused by Salmonella paratyphi, a related bacterium that usually causes a less severe illness. The bacteria are deposited in water or food by a human carrier and are then spread to other people in the area. It’s transmitted through the ingestion of food or drink contaminated by the feces or urine of infected …show more content…
Prompt antibiotic treatment typically results in recovery within 1-2 days. The contraction of Typhoid can be avoided altogether with the use of a Typhoid Vaccine. These vaccines (available in injectable and orally-administered forms) have a 30-70% effectiveness rate and last up to 7 years.
Prognosis
Typhoid Fever is a highly treatable and survivable disease. With the use of antibiotics survival rates are quite high. Prior to the use of antibiotics Typhoid had a 20% mortality rate, nowadays with proper treatment and medicine it is down to 1-2%. The main cause of death from typhoid was due to intestinal bleeding and perforation as well as pneumonia. With proper antibiotic treatment patients usually improve within 1-2 days and experience recovery within 7-10 days. Relapsing is possible but retreating the disease is quite easy and effective.
Conclusion
Typhoid Fever is no longer the relentless killer it used to be prior to the use of antibiotic treatment. Typhoid used to strike fear into the hearts of people but with modern treatments Typhoid is not nearly as frightening as it used to be. Nowadays it is only relegated to developed countries and even then it is diminishing in

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    On July 11, the Texas Department of Health in Austin were notified by a couple of south-central university students of having nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea symptoms. With the concern of a possible outbreak, epidemiologists contacted the local emergency room to discover that within the last 24 hours, 23 university students has gone through the emergency room with gastroenteritis symptoms. With the normal expectancy being 3 cases within a 5 day frame, epidemiologists can agree that there was definitely an outbreak. In order to investigate and control the outbreak, there are several very important steps that they took.…

    • 501 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    This disease is characterized by the sudden onset of a sustained and systemic fever, severe headache, nausea, and loss of appetite. Other symptoms include constipation or diarrhea, enlargement of the spleen, possible development of meningitis, and/or general malaise. When the bacterial cells enter, epithelial cells lining the intestine they cause host cell ruffling which temporarily damages the microvilli on the surface of the cell. This causes a rush of white blood cells into the mucosa, which throws off the ratios between absorption and secretion, and leads to diarrhea. Untreated typhoid fever cases result in mortality rates ranging from 12-30% while treated cases allow for 99%…

    • 562 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Mary Mallon, an Irish immigrant woman working in New York City as a cook became the most famous symbol of infectious disease in the United States. She harboured the extremely contagious bacteria that cause typhoid fever. The symptoms include fever, headaches and diarrhea and spread through the urine and mostly by unwashed hands. Between 1900 and 1907, officials estimated that Mallon had infected 22 people, one of whom had…

    • 70 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Patients are persuaded treating with antibiotics in seven to ten days except some cases. Also, for the severe cases, they will be given by intravenous infusion. Moreover, it requires hospitalization. Medical staffs need to observe the patients whose condition may become more serious. Potential treatment for different patient groups with Legionnaires’ Disease.…

    • 763 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    1. What causes it? a. 70% of cases are caused by some sort of infection or gastroenteritis causes by food poisoning, although the exact cause or nature is unknown. (Blum 2014) 2. How does it develop?…

    • 792 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Norovirus Research Paper

    • 622 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Introduction Norovirus infection causes inflammation in the stomach and intestines (gastroenteritis) and food poisoning. It is caused by exposure to a virus in a group of similar viruses called noroviruses. Norovirus spreads very easily from person to person (is very contagious). It often occurs in places where people are in close contact, such as schools, hospitals, and restaurants. You can get it from food, water, surfaces, or other people who have the virus (are contaminated).…

    • 622 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Small Pox Research Paper

    • 712 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Many people in Europe contracted it as a child and therefor became resistance to it in adulthood. This was a familiar disease in Europe. It wasn’t anything we haven't seen before, however, just because we are familiar with the disease doesn’t…

    • 712 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    As the disease spreads, rat mortality becomes so high that the infected fleas seek new hosts, including humans. Also, the cells of the Yersinia pestis can travel to the lymph nodes, where they cause the formation of swollen areas referred to buboes. Yersinia pestis bacteria can resist phagocytosis by human immune cells and even reproduce inside phagocytes and kill them. As the disease progresses, the lymph nodes can hemorrhage and the cells enter the bloodstream. If the disease is not treated, death will usually occur in 3-5 days.…

    • 470 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    1906 Salmonella Outbreaks

    • 494 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The CDC had said that contaminated foods get at least 48 million Americans sick annually which led to 128,000 to the hospital and 3,000 people would die from being sick (Newsela). Due to the worrying of food contamination the CDC would create the gene sequence tool that can track down the source of the outbreak much more faster (Newsela). Salmonella symptoms are diarrhea, cramps and fever, but some people may get nausea, chills, and vomiting. These symptoms start to show after 72 hours of consumption of the contaminated food, lasting up to a…

    • 494 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Essay On The Black Plague

    • 1209 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The victims sometimes died within just a few hours, others became extremely exhausted and/or wildly delirious. (World Book Encyclopedia P-15) In the eyes of the people, the disease was terrifying. Many people would avoid the sick completely. From the fear of being infected by coughs and sneezes, people would abandon their own brothers, sisters, spouses, and even children in the hopes of being spared from the disease.…

    • 1209 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Salmonella is a bacterial illness that comes from food and causes an individual to have food poisoning, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and other unpleasant symptoms Nordqvist, 2016). A person can contract the bacteria by eating uncooked or undercooked meat, poultry and eggs. Fruits that have been exposed to salmonella are also carriers of the bacteria. Salmonella can also be spread from an individual coming in contact with a carrier of the bacteria. Practicing poor hygiene can cause the spread of salmonella to grow rapid.…

    • 1492 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    They would remain that way until someone began to show signs and be in a very ill state. Not only that, the source of which the disease would have to be identified as well as the disease itself. By this time, an unknown number of people would be infected in a similar state, with it being possibly spread to more.…

    • 1503 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Pertussis Case Studies

    • 355 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Pertussis regularly starts treacherously with chilly like side effects, including runny nose, conceivable poor quality fever and a gentle, bothering hack that continuously progresses toward becoming paroxysmal, more often than not inside 1-2 weeks. Spread through direct contact with respiratory beads, pertussis is most infectious in the beginning times of sickness preceding creating paroxysms (for the most part the initial two weeks).Communicability bit by bit melts away and ends up noticeably irrelevant in around three weeks, although the infectious period can be diminished to five days following viable antibiotic treatment. People with pertussis ought to be disengaged from school, work or similar activities until the point that they have finished no less than five days of a fitting anti-microbial…

    • 355 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Typhoid Mary: Captive to the Public’s Health tells the story of Mary Mallon and what she had to go through at the beginning of the twentieth century. Typhoid Mary has “become a metaphor for a dangerous person who should be reviled and avoided (Leavitt).” Judith Walzer Leavitt, the author, is a professor of the history of medicine and women's studies at the University of Wisconsin in Madison and an author of several books (Judith). She uses Mary’s story to show the different perspectives of people who were affected by her disease. She shows how the public, law, medical professions, and Mary herself were influenced by this discovery.…

    • 1354 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Salmonella

    • 801 Words
    • 4 Pages

    of salmonella especially amphibians and reptiles such as lizards, they may be infected and if we handle them and don’t wash our hands we may be infected too. When we eat or drink something which contains salmonella the bacteria enter our body and it travels through our intestine. Here bacteria can survive by using the gut micro biota as nutrients and can cross the intestinal mucus layer to reach epithelial cells which line the intestine. The disease starts when the Bacteria start to attack these cells. The second step are to determine that whether the attacker bacteria are typhoidal or non-typhoidal.…

    • 801 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays