“In the Saints and the Roughnecks” the deviant labeling by the community for the Roughnecks represented a barrier to accomplishment within the community. In a middle-class community, being poor and looking poor is already a barrier. The poor boys were already the “outside group,” while the majority middle class were “the inside group.” The boys had likely been receiving messages from early on that they were outgroup members of the community, who could be dismissed from the beginning as children with little to no resources who were not as valuable to the community.
Chambliss notes that their visibility contributed to this deviant labeling. This appears to be somewhat deliberate when looked at more closely. “Hanging out on the corner” is societal code for “troublemaking.” For hardworking middle-class community members, seeing these young males hanging out, sometimes drinking, sometimes fighting, or both, caused the Roughnecks to become somewhat notorious. The Roughnecks engaged in overt rebellion that seemed to …show more content…
Students denied responsibility by framing their cheating as “accidental,” for instance, in the case of the student who heard an answer. The student denied responsibility because he was unable to resist the temptation to write it down. Others framed cheating as situational, such as the student who had the flu and missed classes, and because of her previous good grades “just couldn’t risk it” (306). These students weighed the costs against the benefits and made decisions based on the situation. Others perceived cheating as widespread and not really bad, because of the perception that so many people did it, another technique of neutralization related to denial of injury. If it didn’t hurt others, it was a minor