Historically, immigrants have been highly concentrated in just a few places, settling in ethnic neighborhoods of metropolitan areas such as New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and various cities in Texas including Houston and Austin. Building on this history, the contemporary story entails the arrival of immigrants to established immigrant gateways with well-defined service infrastructures and a receptivity that aids the integration process. Within the past few decades however, immigrants have also begun to settle in nontraditional areas such as the Southeast, including new gateway cities like Atlanta and Nashville, creating a different context for integration and eliciting a mixed response from local communities. According
