Iliteracy In Malcolm X's Prisoners Of Silence

Improved Essays
“At least twenty-five times I must have written that first one-page letter to him, over and over. I was trying to make it both legible and understandable. I practically couldn't read my handwriting myself; it shames even to remember it.” (Malcolm X 172). A simple, yet startling, reflection by Malcolm X an esteemed pillar of the civil rights movement. As he stared at his letter to Elijah Muhammad the embarrassment he that covered him did not deter him from his goal. The poor grammar and spelling along with what he himself describes as a form of chicken scratch scribbled on his paper. Motivated by this and other factors Malcolm began a journey of personal improvement. “In my slow, painstaking, ragged handwriting, I copied into my tablet everything …show more content…
Along with many others in the United States back then and now Malcolm X spent a good portion of his life illiterate. Surprisingly, illiteracy is more common than most truly realize. “In American society where words are so critical at least 25 million people are ‘functionally incompetent’” states Jeff Greenfield when referring to his article on “Prisoners of Silence: Breaking the Bonds of Adult Illiteracy in the United States” (Kozol 255). Unfortunately, the main issue propelling that dynamic remains unchanged. What is this problem that has plagued this country for many years? The answer is an impoverishment of which there are at least three main subcomponents. Race, economics, and disability, all of which fall under the umbrella of poverty. By gaining a better understand of these facets solutions can be implemented, with the potential, to improve the current and future state of illiteracy in …show more content…
Lack of resources can be handled within every community in the nation. Jonathan Kozol stated in an interview, with Jeff Prince, “I'm disappointed that I'm 60 years old now and I would have hoped by this point, 30 years since the death of Martin Luther King Jr., we would have ended the embarrassment of unequal school systems," as he considers money to be the solution (News 2). Funding is a major part of what is necessary to improve literacy among the citizens of this country. Increases in government, city, and state monies allocated for creating and improving resources that assist in helping people to read and write in English. Former senator Bob Dole was quoted “thousands of children [are] failing to learn the language, English, that is the ticket to the ‘American Dream’” (Jamieson 702). Additional finances will allow libraries and other public forums to promote educational events geared toward improving literacy. Government sponsorship for needy communities to improve the quality of life by helping to obtain and properly wield the tools for success. A similar philosophy should be heeded in regards to those with reading

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    The audience can imagine him sitting there, looking at a book, and then typing up every little thing into his tablet. This helps us be able to picture what Malcolm did while he was locked up. Malcolm X even describes to his readers some of the words and pictures he seen in his dictionaries. He recalls a “funny thing” in paragraph seven, one of the pages of a dictionary he had reminded him of the “long-tailed, long-eared, burrowing African mammal”. Not only can visualizing this “funny thing” be easier in this article but it lets the audience earn things about their author.…

    • 1145 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Murun Gankhuyag Professor Richard Kim History 3017 June 10th, 2016 Malcolm X A life of Reinvention Manning Marable wrote Malcolm X A life of Reinvention an incredible biography on the duration of the life of Malcolm X. Malcolm X played a very crucial role in African American history in the twentieth century. Malcolm X went through living a troubled life of crime to getting busted ending up in prison in order to find his passion in the religion of Nation of Islam.…

    • 1986 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. led the charge of civil rights despite disagreeing with the basic factors of method and intention. Malcolm X’s famous speech The Ballot or The Bullet remains integral to his methods for attaining his goals. King’s Letter from Birmingham Jail communicates his intentions as well as his celebrated methods of civil disobedience. Malcolm X and King often critiqued the other in their work either in speeches or in writing; in his speech, Malcolm X calls attention to King’s methods and goal of integration.…

    • 1152 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Malcolm finds himself as being looked at as the average black man with no way of wanting to learn, or in shorter terms, stereotyped because of the harsh times he had been living in. In fact, he states “the average hustler and criminal was too uneducated to write a letter,” this must mean that people looked at his culture as the average hustler but as himself, he tries to stop the stereotype from leading to…

    • 1359 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Malcolm X’s document/letter “A Letter From Mecca” was produced in the 1960’s. A period in which the United States violence was at the extremist of conditions. A period in which many assassinations took place, such as our 34th president John F. Kennedy. A time when minorities like the African Americans were promised a change but were never given one.…

    • 868 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    I grew up in a middle-class family where education was important to my parents, but my mom seemed to encourage me to work more than study. I found myself expressing my emotions through my actions rather than words. When I was passionate about something I believed in, I had so much to say, but so little vocabulary to use. Since I was a young girl I would get frustrated with trying to express myself through my writing because I couldn’t find the right words to use, or even know how to use them correctly. While reading an excerpt from Malcolm x’s autobiography, “The Autobiography of Malcolm X (1965)” he talks about his struggle with trying to express himself, writing about the teachings of Allah and Islam and Elijah Muhammad.…

    • 1375 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    “Learning to read” by Malcolm X uses ethos and pathos throughout the whole essay. He gives you a sense of trust by letting his reader know that he is not perfect, being that he was once illiterate himself. He is comfortable with the fact that he came from the bottom and that he was not always this powerful influential man. He appeals to your emotions by giving examples of the racism he endured, and how he handled it.…

    • 969 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Education is essential in modern day society in view of the fact it gives an individual enlightenment and knowledge. It helps people find truth of their general surroundings alongside with the concepts of morality. In “Learning To Read” by Malcolm X, he discusses a narrative of his path to self-education through the remembrance of moments in his life while being incarcerated. His motivation arises from wanting to interact with Mr. Elijah Muhammad; the leader of Islam. Through self- education, he discovers the tensions in race relations and the unfair treatments that African Americans endure in the hands of the mainstream American society.…

    • 1115 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Tactics Of Malcolm X

    • 1032 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Throughout history’s fight for black equality, there have numerous individuals in which have decided to take a stand and forever change the world; Malcolm X is no exception to this. His methods to achieve Civil Rights for African Americans were both controversial yet struck home with many blacks tired of waiting defenceless. It is to a moderate extent that his methods were successful in his use of various tactics such as pro-violence and the encouragement of critical thinking about racial problems around the world. Malcolm X’s most known and used method was his violent protests against their white oppressors. A main aspect of X’s beliefs came through the Nation Of Islam.…

    • 1032 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The author, Alex Haley, uses style, content, and structure to show the development of Malcolm X through his life. The author 's purpose is to engage the reader and help the reader understand the person that Malcolm X had become throughout his life. Alex Haley was told these stories by Malcolm X, and used certain situations in Malcolm X’s life to contribute to the power and beauty of the text. The author also uses imagery and certain words to convey Malcolm X’s development. Central ideas such as racial identity, segregation versus integration, and systemic oppression was an enormous part of his development and contributes to the author’s purpose.…

    • 1967 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Response to “Literacy behind Bars” by Malcolm X In “Literacy behind Bars” by Malcolm X, Malcolm tells us how he went from a prisoner that didn 't know how to read a sentence, to an advocate giving thousands of speeches to better the lives of African Americans. Malcolm, learned how to read in prison. He came to the sense that he needed to learn how to read and write after he couldn 't even read a sentence off a book after he got jealous of one of his prison mates knowledge.…

    • 941 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The United States of America is privileged to have books to read and multiple ways to share information. Other countries have very limited or absolutely no access to information that citizens of America can easily access. Yet, the U.S. has many illiterates across the nation. It is reasonable that Jonathan Kozol places the responsibility of providing illiterates with enough knowledge and resources on the people that are literate in his article “The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society” because they are aware of these issues. The individuals who are illiterate do not know, understand, or see the importance of literacy.…

    • 1438 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The effects that illiteracy has range from embarrassment to low self-esteem as well as high crime rates. Illiteracy seems to have an even more devastating effect in the lower income communities. Based on that, Johnathan Kozol wrote “The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society,” that was an article in Illiterate America (1985) to show how illiteracy lowers people’s quality of life, reduce the education, and prevents them take part in democratic society fully. Negative effects of illiteracy in America are also heavy in politics. One has to wonder how someone who cannot read or write manages to vote.…

    • 706 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Summary and Response of the essay “The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society” Summary: In the essay “The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society”, written by Jonathan Kozol and published in Reading for Writers, New York, in 2013 the Author is raising awareness of the audience of literates to the dangers of illiteracy. The author uses personal stories from people to describe the difficulties of an illiterate life. Jonathan Kozol also explains how voter turnout is lowered by about 16 million votes for a presidential contest due to illiteracy.…

    • 904 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The article "A Homemade Education" by Malcolm X was about how he taught himself how to read and write while being incarcerated. While he was in prison, he would write letter to Mr. Elijah Muhammad, the founder of the Muslim sect Nation of Islam. While writing those letters to Mr. Elijah Muhammad Malcolm realized how bad his knowledge was. Being at the Charlestown Prison led him to meeting Bimbi. When Malcolm met Bimbi he was jealous of him, the jealousy towards Bimbi came from the knowledge he had.…

    • 905 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays