Erika Davila THSA 1300 The Catholic Imagination Worksheet Week #3 1. Greeley means, that in a premodern world the natural and supernatural exist parallel to one another. People believe that natural events are the result of the supernatural such as, demons, angels and/or God. In the modern world it is about logic and science, people will dismiss the supernatural because its existence cannot be proven such as, miracles, visions, or superstitions.…
In the mid 1700s the Jesuit Order helped to civilize and Christianize the native Guarani Indians of Paraguay. As the Jesuit Reduction Mission was taking place, a mercenary and slave trader named Rodrigo Mendoza is shown kidnapping Guarani Indians and other natives. For Rodrigo to make a living, he takes these natives and sells them to nearby plantations as slaves. However, he does show great care for his brother, Felipe, and his wife, Carlotta, until Carlotta reveals her love affair with Felipe. When Rodrigo finds Felipe and Carlotta in bed together his anger increases, which results in him stabbing Felipe to death in a duel.…
Strike down the sinner, as Thou didst Thine enemies of old, in the days of the Pharaohs! Let him feel the terror of Thy sword! For all eternity, let his soul writhe in anguish and damnation,” (Lawrence and Lee 59).…
The emperor blamed the Christians for this tragedy and made it legal and lawful to punish them. His declaration was called Christiani non sint which means, "Let the Christians be exterminated. " This event marks the beginning of a long, arduous battle for the Christians living in the Roman Empire. The followers of Christ were brutally slaughtered and tortured following Nero's order to persecute them; they were sewn into the hides of wild animals and hidden in fields so that they could be torn apart by huge dogs, crucified,…
Christianity. It is a single word with great and powerful meaning, but one that is defined differently by people of many different denominational backgrounds. According to Dictionary.com, christianity is “The religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians believe that Jesus Christ is the Messiah, sent by God. They believe that Jesus, by dying and rising from the dead, made up for the sin of Adam and thus redeemed the world, allowing all who believe in him to enter heaven.…
The notation of someone begging to be put in misery in order to rise up stronger, is berserk. Any mentally stable person would not wish for harm upon themselves, but in the case of the speaker in John Donne's “Holy Sonnet XIV”, it is different. The speaker approaches God with several demands. The normal way to approach God when wanting something is with respect and humility, but the speaker has a different relationship with God. The relationship the speaker has is best described as having a war.…
In 1209 AD, Pope Innocent III called a crusade to eradicate the heretical Cathars in southern France. The Catharis religious movement began in the town of Albi, which is why the twenty-year period of fighting became known as the Albigensian Crusade. The Catholic Church condemned Cathars as being heretics because of their dualistic beliefs; however, Cathars considered themselves to be “true” Christians since the term Cathar comes from the Greek katharos, which means pure or clean. The religion was based on the notion that the material world was evil, and that the God of the New Testament was a good God and creator of the spiritual world, while the Old Testament God was evil and creator of the physical world. Furthermore, they believed that since…
The Jesuits of France came to North America with some knowledge of what they should and should not do. They knew that they should first study the language and culture of the Native people, instead of directly trying to force the Indians into submission. This may be the reason why people think that the French were allies of the Indians- they did not simply come to colonize them with guns and take over their land. This was depicted on Page 10 of “The Jesuit Relations: Natives and Missionaries in Seventeenth-Century North America”, when Le Jeune said, “It was an empire not of domination and subjection, but of multi-stranded commercial/ diplomatic links between France and the different Indian nations”. Their strategy was a contrast to the Spanish…
For as long as the Roman Catholic Church has been around, it has tried to solidify its control by strengthening its orthodoxy. One way the Church did this was through persecuting the populace for heresy. It is then ironic to find out that one of the churches most influential organizations, the Jesuits, were disbanded by the pope on rumors of heresy. The pope, Clement XIV, did not suppress the Jesuits for heresy but for more political reasons. After losing the support of Portugal, he dispersed the Order to appease the French and Spanish rulers in order to save face and keep their support.…
Ignatius of Antioch and his Letter to the Magnesians Ignatius of Antioch was a key figure in the development and defending of orthodox thought in the beginnings of Christianity. Sentenced to death for his Christian beliefs, Ignatius wrote seven letters on his way to Rome to be put to death. These seven letters offered encouragement, instruction, and inspiration to the new Christians in communities he passed through. In his “Letter to the Magnesians”, specifically chapters eight and nine, Ignatius warns of the dangers of false doctrines and fables, but also encourages the people on their Christian journey.…
Ignatius Loyola: Saint Ignatius Loyola was a priest and theologist from Spain. He was born on October 23rd 1491 and died on July 31st 1556. He is most famous for being the founder of the society of Jesus, better known as the Jesuits. During the 16th century people in Europe were starting to break away from away from the Roman Catholic church and the time of reformation started to take place.…
The Incomplete Characterization of Motives In Confessions, Augustine stated that the motive behind all actions was lust of different types. He divided lust into three categories: lust for domination, lust of the eyes, and lust for sensuality. Augustine defined lust for domination as the desire to control people or properties. Lust of the eyes was the desire to satiate the senses: sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing.…
When it comes to Jesus Christ many Christian thinkers and authors use story, metaphor, or parables to express their Christology. Gregory of Nyssa and Julian of Norwich are two examples. Their writings contain an illustration to illustrate the work of Jesus. For Gregory it is fishing and for Julian it is a story of the Lord and Servant. This essay unpacks these exemplifications thus uncovering the authors’ individual beliefs about the saving action of God for humanity through the work of Jesus Christ.…
Religious changes in 16th century Europe led to many political changes and slowed down the formation of religious unity during the 17th century. Absolute monarchies were put to an end or they were severely limited. The Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Counter-Reformation and the Thirty Years’ War were all effects of the constant battling between the different religions. The religious changes in the 16th century caused chaos in the churches and let to a battle of religions. During the Scientific Revolution Galileo Galilei proved the church wrong.…
Introduction In 69 BC, the Flavians rose to power during the Roman civil war and they reigned over the Roman Empire between 69 BC and 96 BC. The Flavian Dynasty include Vespasian (69-79 BC), and his two sons Titus (79-81 BC) and Domitian (81-96 BC). Under Domitian reign, the Romans instituted guidelines concerning worship, known today as the Flavian polices which led to extreme persecution of the early church. From issues with Flavian Policies and the Roman religious atmosphere, cultural accommodation/apostasy, ethical norms, and handling social pressure (persecution), the early church dealt with many issues as seen in the General Epistles (James; 1st and 2nd Peter; 1st, 2nd and 3rd John; and Jude).…