SST 202
Phonetics
EmmaLee Kneafsey
Northern Arizona University The International Phonetic Alphabet is a chart full of different symbols that represent different sounds. The different symbols represent phonemes to make up a word. This chart is meant for the understanding of spoken language. The chart is divided into multiple different parts including consonants and vowels. This chart includes symbols for if someone has an accent, mispronounces the word, and/or speech impediment. One uses the IPA chart to transcribe what a person may say and how they say it. To indicate that the writing is transcribed, virgules or brackets are placed around the transcription. This alphabet is used across the world so that people …show more content…
It is hard to relate one language to another but the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) seems to help us understand pieces of different languages. For example, the IPA chart takes into consideration place, manner, and voicing of each sound. Most humans have the same body parts including lungs, a larynx, a tongue, teeth, and vocal cords, in order to make the sounds on the IPA chart.
The IPA chart is made up of a set of symbols based on the sounds that are made that go along with words. These symbols can transcribe any language and sound made around the world. The chart has eleven columns of placement, eight rows for manner, and two symbols of voicing in the pulmonic consonant section. Pulmonic consonants use compressed air from the lungs is released in order to create certain sounds. Another section on the IPA chart are non-pulmonic consonants, and they contain three rows of symbols that use not air from the lungs. These sounds are …show more content…
When looking at the consonant chart, sometimes there are two letters in one box and that is because the one on the right is voiced and the one on the left is unvoiced. Voiced means that there is the use of the vocal cord when making a sound, for example, vowels, nasals, or flaps. When one does not use the phonatory source while speaking this is when the phoneme is unvoiced. These can be tough to hear when speaking.
Non-pulmonic consonants are consonants that are not dependent on the airflow of the lungs. This section includes clicks, implosives, and ejectives. Clicks have a bilabial, dental alveolar, retroflex, palatal, and lateral portion to them. An example of clicks is a post alveolar retroflex is the symbol /!/. Implosives use bilabial, alveolar, palatal, velar, and uvular. Implosives are used in languages like Sindhi, Saraiki, Swahili and Vietnamese. Ejectives are used for bilabials, alveolar, velar, and alveolar fricative. These are used in normal American English and Amerindian