The BBC stated in the article What is fracking and why is it controversial? that “Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is a technique designed to recover gas and oil from shale rock. Fracking is the process of drilling down into the earth before a high-pressure water mixture is directed at the rock to release the gas inside.” To be more specific, oil companies drill into the earth to extract gas from rocks using a high pressure water mixture. The water mixture includes gallons of water, sand, and chemicals which are shot directly into the rock. Shale lies thousands of feet underground, and so a new type of drilling was developed to reach the rock. Horizontal drilling exposes more of the shale which in turn provides more gas. The high pressure
