The main topic of this paper is spouse abuse. The five sub topics are socialization and stress explanations for spousal abuse, employment and the risk of domestic violence among low income women, status relationships in marriage and the risk factors of abuse, domestic violence in African American communities, and wife abuse in urban Russian couples. It will also look at and determine what factors play a role in spousal abuse and explain to the reader how to potentially avoid spousal abuse. Abuse happens in relationships of all races and cultures.
Methods
Sletzer and Kalmuss (1988) look into childhood socialization and stressful life conditions are few of the most common reasons for family and marital violence. They investigate …show more content…
Psychological abuse includes insulting or swearing at the partner, sulking or refusing to talk about a conflict, stomping outside the house, doing or saying something just to spite the other, and threatening to hit or throw something at one another. Physical abuse is defined as throwing something at the other, whether there was pushing, grabbing, or shoving, whether one partner slapped the other, if there was kicking, biting, or hitting with a fist, and whether one partner tried to hit the other one with something else. Life-threatening violence includes one beating up the other, threatening them with a knife or gun, and actually using a knife or gun on them according to the study Hornung, McCullough, and Sugimoto (1981) did. Two-thirds of couples in their study reported at least one type of abuse in the past year. Many people do not believe that yelling at one another, especially during an argument, is considered abusive. Most people consider abuse to be physical. Hornung, McCullough, and Sugimoto (1981 determine through their study that couples who are incompatible when it comes to employment status, occupational status, and the education of each partner will be more likely to experience abuse. Couples in which the wife or female partner has a higher education, a higher employment status, and a higher occupational status are more likely to experience abuse and violence. This could be because of traditionalism in which people believe that the woman should stay home and take care of the children instead of work. Sletzer and Kalmuss (1988) look into why spousal abuse happens, if something in the past or present is affecting marital violence. Childhood experiences with family violence is what Sletzer and Kalmuss (1988) feel like causes marital violence instead of the common withdrawal from the spouse or partner. Huang and