Humanism In Beowulf And Heracles By Euripides

The stories of great heroes and leaders have been around for a very long time. One of the oldest works of literature, Beowulf, was recited in the 8th to 11th century in Anglish- also known as ‘old English’. The epic poem was officially written down in 700 BC, providing historical knowledge that reflects the early medieval Anglo-Saxon culture: pride, glory, and self achievement. Approximately 300 years later, Heracles by Euripides was performed. A tragedy telling the aftermath of Heracles twelve trials reflects the philosophy and culture of ancient Greece.
Both heroes are examples of great warriors, forced through obstacles that utilize the philosophies of humanism and existentialism. Although not defined with the same ideologies, humanism and existentialism play off of each other. Humanism relies on humanity and the needs, desires, and individuality of a person. It is often seen as secular, rejecting supernatural forces and relying more on reasoning and human compassion. Existentialism is the rejection of a set fate, destiny, or as Beowulf would say- wryd. This philosophy encourages the individual to make his own decision in order to form his future as he wishes. One’s values or needs, and therefore Humanism, often comes into play when determining one’s future. Humanism and existentialism are used in Beowulf and Heracles to …show more content…
Euripides conveys human suffering through the actions of the gods. In the modern world, it would be said that this makes certain events in life inevitable because of the gods’ scheming minds. Hera’s endgame is Heracles’ misery, followed through by her minions Madness and Iris. When Heracles returns home to his family, he slays Lycu, the dictator, but Madness and Iris curse him“to destroy in one demented moment/ Three sons of [his] own begetting” (Heracles 184). As this is the ultimate