“Shiite Muslims accounting for perhaps 3 percent of the worldwide Muslim community, still advocate the amanita, the descendants of Muhammad as the rightful heirs of the leadership mantle” (Orens, 8). The term Shia refers to the followers of Ali, a son-in-law the the Islamic prophet Muhammad, the first male to accept Islamic religion. “The Party of Ali, known as Shi'a or Shi'ite Muslims, became more hardline than the majority than the majority Sunni Iraq, Iran and Pakistan. Shi'ites were led by 12 imams, descended from Ali; the twelfth disappeared and is expected to return one day as the Mahdi to restore pure Islam to the world” (Barrett 28). The Shi'a muslims are led by twelve imams, those who lead prayers in a mosque, are descendants of Ali. The Shi'a believe that the twelfth imam disappeared and is expected to return as the guided one, other known as Mahdi, and will restore pure Islam throughout the world. The Shia are mainly found throughout Iran, Iraq, and Egypt (Islam, Shia And Sunni). The Battle of Karbala ultimately changed the view of Shi’as throughout society and made it hard for them to be apart of the upper class in Afghanistan. “The minority Hazara's have been less fortunate than the Pashtuns. In the later part of the nineteenth century, the Hazara tribal system was destroyed. Hazara’s personal property and land were taken, as they were made slaves and …show more content…
These perspectives from society have been contributors to the development of Amir’s behavior towards Hassan and ultimately causes degradation to his religion and way of life. Throughout the novel, Amir struggles with accepting Hassan due to his selfishness and his desire for his father, Baba to recognize him. But this is ironic because Amir never recognizes Hassan’s faithfulness throughout the many occasions he has stood up for him. Hosseini’s symbolism shows that Afghanistan is broken but this brokenness can be saved by the next generation and return the companionship between the Sunni and Shia Muslims. Towards the end of the novel Amir and Hassan have a better understanding of their religions and that they both are equal no matter if they are a Pashtun or a Sunni