9/11 Literature Review

Great Essays
Literature Review
R1: Does the act of terrorism in countries mean there is low to minimal security within these countries.
R2: Looking at the act of terrorism during the United States of America’s (USA) 9/11 attack, Does this show there is low to minimal security within our countries? Did this attack increase terrorism through social media or technology?
Purpose:
The goal of this literature review is to determine whether the 9/11 attack on America is associated and indicates that our countries have low to minimal security, also made this attack lead to the increase of terrorism through social media or technology. It will identify whether the security levels have been compromised and determine whether 9/11 attacks are the cause of the growth
…show more content…
The implementation of many ‘hard and soft’ security strategies was introduced to allow for ‘intensive surveillance and control of the movement of suspect populations’ (Levi and Wall 2004, 194). The act of 9/11 questioned the safety level of America, asking if America had the adequate security level to protect their people and country. Levi and Wall (2004), expressed that problems lied between whether USA’s small to minimal security implicates that our countries also have the same or less security to protect the people of Australia or other nations adequately. The United States (US) ultimately recognised there was a breach in security and that they needed to reform their safety protocols to be well equipped and protected from other threats or terrorist attacks (205). The quest for security of their country was of high priority. The US implemented more security agents immediately, these agents rode on planes as undercover officers and were trained to act decisively in events that could cause grief or damages towards other people. Many countries have followed the footsteps of America and tried implementing more security measures to ensure the safety of their people and country. A great example is the Australian Border Force and Transportation Security Administration’s implementation of more trained officers to carry out routine security …show more content…
It was evident that there was a dramatic need for change in security post 9/11 attack. The terrorist had breached security at three American airports, allowing them to conduct the act of terrorism. ‘Eight were identified as requiring additional security checks (Prenzler, Lowden and Sarre 2010, 10)’, but yet they still pass through security. This attack gave way for governments to create legislation in order to protect the well-being of their countries, one of the examples was the USA Patriot Act 2001 this piece of legislation gave way for the government to perform secret searches, allow for limitless government surveillance, grant the FBI with the ability to breach privacy and incarcerate or detain non-citizens based on mere suspicion and to deny re-admission to the US of non-citizens (Edgar 2003). The complications of this could lead to the misuse of the power and could harm the people they are trying to protect in the first

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Criminals and Terrorist have similarities in the way they plan to commit crimes yet, there poses a distinct difference in the act of motivation. Criminals are usually motivated by greed; whereas, Terrorist are motivated by religious and political ideologies, which encompasses short and long-term goals (Clarke, R.V. & Newman, G. R., 2008). Some of the key components that are considered by Criminals and Terrorist include, the target of choice, the method and tools required to perform the act, and opportunity (Clarke, R.V. & Newman, G. R., 2008). Terrorism can come in many shapes, forms, and fashions; all of which are governed by the benefits of the act and the opportunity to attack. The degree and level of attack can pose damages that are far…

    • 775 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Dbq Essay On 9/11

    • 889 Words
    • 4 Pages

    On September 11, 2001, the United States witness the most horror finding terrorist attack. Many people stood and watch as the second plane crashed into the south twin town and many witnesses watched it crash to the ground, with love ones inside unable to escape from the higher levels of the building. Not only did these plans strike the twin towers, one also crashed into the Pentagon. Moments later after these plans had been reported, one last plan was reported saying it crashed in rural Pennsylvania. These attacks killed thousands of people.…

    • 889 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Effects Of 9/11 Essay

    • 2501 Words
    • 11 Pages

    Molly Meka English 100 Essay 3 Final 9/11: A Day That Changed the World On September 11th, 2001, our world changed forever. The terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon caused an immediate call for change in U.S. Foreign Policy, which in cause, increased tensions between America and the Middle East, the strengthening and safety of our borders, and through the foundation of Homeland Security.…

    • 2501 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    On September 11, 2001, one of the most horrific terrorist attacks in United States history took place. After the planes had collided with the Twin Towers, the masses of the United States of America suddenly was hit with anxiety and concern. America was prepared to lose their confidentiality in exchange for refuge from whatever dangers may follow in the future. When the Homeland Security Act, was passed in 2002 by President Bush, It showed how much the American people favored the constant surveillance by the government than the danger of being in harm's way. H.L. Mencken, an American essayist, and social critic wrote, “The average man does not want to be free.…

    • 825 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Department of Homeland Security and the US Patriot Act where created and passed as a direct result of the terrorist attacks orchestrated on September 11, 2001. As a package, both work to preserve life and liberty to citizens of the United States, whether in the homeland or abroad. Therefore, the Department of Homeland Security, while utilizing the US Patriot Act, has partnered with local law enforcement in order to be on the front lines of detecting and preventing homeland terrorism. The Department of Homeland Security, through the use of the US Patriot Act, has affected the local criminal justice process through the militarization of law enforcement and the deployment of cutting edge surveillance techniques and equipment.…

    • 1384 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Twin Towers Summary

    • 843 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The author provides quotations from citizens who were affected by the attacks, and information about how 9/11 affected people’s personal sense of security. The article also analyzes how official intelligence agencies had faulty security systems which allowed the terrorists to get away with what they had done. Gibbs’ article was useful for this research paper, mainly to help shape the argument about government security. The information in the article helped to prove the ineffectiveness of government security before 9/11, which allows the reader of the paper to see how much it has improved since then. The source has changed my personal opinion about how good government security is.…

    • 843 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Post 9/11 Privacy Rights: The Case Against Electronic Surveillance In response to concerns about terrorism after the attacks on September 11,2001, the government of the United States enacted new guidelines for conducting surveillance on the public. This paper will discuss the implementation of electronic surveillance as a tool to combat terrorism and will make the case against sweeping electronic surveillance of American citizens and others in this country. Various examples of increased surveillance along with decreasing privacy right will help the reader to conclude that these tactics have not reduced incidents of any type of crime, including terrorism. This paper will also discuss several types of electronic surveillance, including the collection of metadata from telephone records, which intruded on the private lives of citizens and did not increase their safety in any meaningful way.…

    • 1377 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In today’s world, nobody really pays attention to the contemporary surveillance that takes places in everyday life. In 2002, the Homeland Security Act was put in place, in result of the September 11 attacks in 2001 (“ Homeland Security Act of 2002”). So with that, security…

    • 1550 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    9/11 Types Of Terrorism

    • 1378 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The most memorable terrorist attack from 2001 to 2015 was on the World Trade Center and Pentagon on September 11, 2001 (Paul, Dorin, Bugnar, and Mester 6). About three-thousand innocent people lost their lives during this violent attack (“Department of Government and Justice Studies”). This important event in American History should be remembered to hopefully prevent it from ever happening again. As terrorism changed from the 1980s to today, so did the types of people who became terrorists (O’Connor). This paper will look at what terrorism is, the types of terrorism, who becomes terrorists, and what their motives may be.…

    • 1378 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Discuss and list the relative merits and disadvantages of law enforcement’s shifting priorities and focus after the 9/11 attacks. The terrorist attack on September 11 gave a wake-up call to America regarding threats. It also created numerous challenges for the government and law enforcement that proved greater than any natural disaster from previous years. In the aftermath, several agencies shifted resources, developed counter-terrorism capabilities, increased spending to improve security, and worked to improve readiness. It generated and changed responsibilities throughout all law enforcement agencies.…

    • 419 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    USA Patriot Act Analysis

    • 1281 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Prior to the enactment of the Patriot Act, law enforcement and intelligence agencies immensely lacked the ability to share information. The effectiveness, improvement and development among the intelligence operations was initiated when all aspects of government were synchronized, positively impacting the scope and quality of our national security, leading to endless possibilities. The USA Patriot Act of 2001, significantly changed the fundamental framework for the federal law enforcement, which was immediately passed following the aftermath of the September terrorism attacks. Expanding security level consequentially elevated a questionable defensive behavior in efforts to protect the nations civil liberties.…

    • 1281 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Significance Of The USA Patriot Act And The Effect On American Society Today The United States of America took a devastating blow on September 11, 2001, when the many parts of the country were under attack such as New York City and Washington D.C. The United States took immediate action to prevent further attacks and protecting their citizens by enacting the U.S. Patriot Act. Despite the attacks on American soil, the resilience demonstrated by the American people that day was remarkable. The U.S. Patriot Act has played a vital role in protecting citizens from terrorism but the techniques caused controversy among American Citizens.…

    • 1130 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Since the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States had never experienced such a dreadful attack. However, on September 11, 2001, America once again woke up to discover that they were being under attack. This assault towards the United States marked the single greatest loss it had ever faced. Not only was the nation violated, but it created an enormous insecurity and fear.…

    • 1268 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Ethnic vs Behavioral Profiling Rough Draft On September 11th, the President proclaimed that the security of the airline industry needs to be augmented and all security efforts need to be accelerated. He invoked the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Office of Transportation, Central Intelligence Agency, and other federal organizations to oversee this operation. Surprisingly, this speech was given thirty years prior to 9/11 by then President Richard Nixon. His speech was given in response to reports he’d received about lax airport security.…

    • 1485 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Zarqa Nawez

    • 1681 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Since the terrorist attack of 9/11, the United States has gone through numerous changes within its government and the American society. After the attacks, citizens began to question the state of national security and their safety in the United States. On October 26, 2001, Congress passed the Patriot Act enabling law enforcement to use surveillance and conduct searches without an official warrant to help crack down on terrorism on the United States soil (CITATION). The Department of Homeland security was also created shortly after the attacks to help combat terrorism in America. The government responded swiftly with regulations and amendments to security in order to restore a sense of public safety back into citizens.…

    • 1681 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays