Externalization In Society: Peanut Butter, By Marilyn Frye

Those are a few examples of the internalization in society. It’s sad to say that people are being oppressed and marginalized today, like right now. It’s bad enough that these issues exist, but it’s worse when it comes from your own people. But this isn’t just on a race or ethnicity scale. It’s much broader than that; ranging from gender, age, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, and the list goes on. How does marginalization and oppression occur? It can come from subtle prejudice, structural inequality (the system), or internalization. When a person(s) is oppressed, there are often no good options, restricted options, they’re caught between forces, and often can’t “win” any situation.
Marilyn Frye was a philosopher who wrote a book called …show more content…
Now look at this common duo: male and female. Unfortunately, it is often viewed that the male is more superior than the female. According to Simone de Beauvoir, males are seen as “The One” and females are seen as “The Other”. “The One” is considered to be the standard, self-defining, and essential for everything. In most situations, The One’s perspective or opinions always matters and they have privileges and advantages. Anything that isn’t considered standard is different, deviant, and “lacking”. Males, Caucasians, heterosexuals; three common examples of “The One” in American society. Their others? Females, Coloreds/Minorities, and …show more content…
Kohlberg was widely known for his philosophy on the stages of moral development. He studied 75 boys from adolescence until they grew up to the age of 20. Throughout their years growing up, he would ask them questions and observed how their answers would change as they got older. From his study, Kohlberg composed the three levels of moral development. These three levels were used to gauge the moral development of boys and girls. However, there is a slight flaw in this study. Levels are applied to girls but there were no girls in the study. He was using a male standard to define moral development for girls. One of his students, Carol Gilligan, noticed that there were only boys in his study. In her book, In a Different Voice (1977), she brings out that in a study like this, it is important to have different, equally valuable perspectives. She’s reasoning that female input is just as important as the opinion of males, proving that there shouldn’t be a level of superiority or inferiority between the two