Madame Defarge expresses the theme of appearance versus reality during the novel. Charles Dickens describes Madame Defarge as evil, bitter and violent character. These characteristics of Madame Defarge create the reasoning for her being apart of the revolution. The revolution is triggered because of the upper class, mostly the revenge Madame wants on the Evrémondes. Throughout the novel, Madame Defarge is represented as a cruel character. Meanwhile the cause behind the revolution and why Madame is apart of it is understandable. Later on in the book, Dickens explains that Madame Defarge is secretly naming the victims of the revolution in her knitting (377). Addition to this, Madame Defarge’s motivation for the revolution is because the Evrémonde’s
