Hong Xiuquan and his followers were able to capture many cities, but ultimately were defeated by the Qing Dynasty because his behaviours after proclaiming his dynasty made him lose the right to become a ruler. In 1860, the Taipings attempted to gain strength by taking Shanghai, but were defeated by the “Ever-Victorious Army” who were led and trained by western leaders. After deciding that Hong was a threat to business they allied with the Qing armies to fight with the Taipings. Because of his defeat, Hong became fearful and unstable. Retreating from the active political and administrative role, he concentrated on meditating, rewriting the bible and spending time with his 80 concubines. Hong did not care about the kingdom and pursued spiritual
