Homeostasis Assignment
Jeanette Galvez
ZOOL 2021.03
Instructor: Elizabeth Samuel
Oct. 14 2015
The human digestive system involves the process of food throughout the body. The human body must break down the food to its basic form so that it may be properly absorbed and used. The human digestive system is essentially one big tube that starts from the mouth and moves its way down to the anus (Farabee 1992). The entire starts from the mouth where salivary glands along with teeth, starts to break down the food so that it may be more easily used. Down from the esophagus the bolus makes its way to the stomach. In the stomach more break down takes place. Mixing in the stomach’s strong acid the churning of the food helps the further break down. From the stomach the bolus enters the small intestine and with the help of enzymes and bile made from the pancreases further absorption occurs. Food then moves on to the large intestine where most of the water is observed (Farabee 1992). Waste is then excreted once the journey of the digestive system ends. The diaphragm separates the chest from the abdomen and to reach the stomach the esophagus passes through the diaphragm from the point called the hiatal ring. …show more content…
If a patient has Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) the lower esophageal sphincter does not close properly. Because it does not close properly it allows the acidic stomach contents to flow backwards into the esophagus (Rubin et al 1990). If left untreated it could potentially lead to some esophageal problems which can include ulcers, bleeding, narrowing, and Barrett’s esophagus (Rubin et al 1990). Some of the factors that contribute to Gastro-esophageal Reflex Disease are hiatal hernia, obesity, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Hypercalcemia, Scleroderma, and systemic sclerosis. The signs and symptoms of GERD includes gastric burning pain that travels up into the chest that are known as heart burn. Patients of the disease describe a sour metallic taste in the mouth. Patients also report experiencing difficulty swallowing, dry cough, sore throat, hoarseness, regurgitation of food, and the strong sensation of a lump in the throat (Smith 2007). The feeling of hoarseness mentioned is caused by the acid damaging the larynx or in some cases the voice box. Gastro-esophageal Reflex Disease is most often diagnosed based on a patient’s history and symptoms. The tests performed to further prove …show more content…
Smoking affects many parts of the human body. Smoking affects the GERD by increases heartburn. Constant smoking weakens the lower esophageal sphincter. From the damage of smoking, the lower esophageal sphincter does not properly prevent the stomach acids from going back into the esophagus (Garrow2013). The return of the harmful acids damage the lining of the esophagus (Farabee 1992). Exposing the body to smoking can seriously increase the risk of gallstones, pancreatitis, Crohn;s disease, colon polyps. Its harmful contents may also increase the chance of other common digestive disorders such as liver cancer and peptic ulcers. Quitting smoking can reverse the effects on the body and can also improve the symptoms experience while smoking or keep them from becoming worse over time. Damage made by smoking can be reversed but, some people continue to be in high risk of certain digestive disorders after quitting because of the severe damage already made on certain organs that cannot be
Jeanette Galvez
ZOOL 2021.03
Instructor: Elizabeth Samuel
Oct. 14 2015
The human digestive system involves the process of food throughout the body. The human body must break down the food to its basic form so that it may be properly absorbed and used. The human digestive system is essentially one big tube that starts from the mouth and moves its way down to the anus (Farabee 1992). The entire starts from the mouth where salivary glands along with teeth, starts to break down the food so that it may be more easily used. Down from the esophagus the bolus makes its way to the stomach. In the stomach more break down takes place. Mixing in the stomach’s strong acid the churning of the food helps the further break down. From the stomach the bolus enters the small intestine and with the help of enzymes and bile made from the pancreases further absorption occurs. Food then moves on to the large intestine where most of the water is observed (Farabee 1992). Waste is then excreted once the journey of the digestive system ends. The diaphragm separates the chest from the abdomen and to reach the stomach the esophagus passes through the diaphragm from the point called the hiatal ring. …show more content…
If a patient has Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) the lower esophageal sphincter does not close properly. Because it does not close properly it allows the acidic stomach contents to flow backwards into the esophagus (Rubin et al 1990). If left untreated it could potentially lead to some esophageal problems which can include ulcers, bleeding, narrowing, and Barrett’s esophagus (Rubin et al 1990). Some of the factors that contribute to Gastro-esophageal Reflex Disease are hiatal hernia, obesity, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Hypercalcemia, Scleroderma, and systemic sclerosis. The signs and symptoms of GERD includes gastric burning pain that travels up into the chest that are known as heart burn. Patients of the disease describe a sour metallic taste in the mouth. Patients also report experiencing difficulty swallowing, dry cough, sore throat, hoarseness, regurgitation of food, and the strong sensation of a lump in the throat (Smith 2007). The feeling of hoarseness mentioned is caused by the acid damaging the larynx or in some cases the voice box. Gastro-esophageal Reflex Disease is most often diagnosed based on a patient’s history and symptoms. The tests performed to further prove …show more content…
Smoking affects many parts of the human body. Smoking affects the GERD by increases heartburn. Constant smoking weakens the lower esophageal sphincter. From the damage of smoking, the lower esophageal sphincter does not properly prevent the stomach acids from going back into the esophagus (Garrow2013). The return of the harmful acids damage the lining of the esophagus (Farabee 1992). Exposing the body to smoking can seriously increase the risk of gallstones, pancreatitis, Crohn;s disease, colon polyps. Its harmful contents may also increase the chance of other common digestive disorders such as liver cancer and peptic ulcers. Quitting smoking can reverse the effects on the body and can also improve the symptoms experience while smoking or keep them from becoming worse over time. Damage made by smoking can be reversed but, some people continue to be in high risk of certain digestive disorders after quitting because of the severe damage already made on certain organs that cannot be