Choice “C” is the best answer. Hidradenitis suppurative (HD) is a chronic, recurrent, debilitating disease that presents with painful, inflamed lesions in the apocrine-gland–bearing areas of the body, most commonly the axillary, inguinal, and anogenital areas. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has traditionally been considered a disorder of the apocrine glands however, it is now known to actually be a defect of the follicular epithelium; therefore, there is a movement towards calling the disease acne inversa instead of hidradenitis suppurativa. The term acne inversa links the pathogenesis to acne and reflects the fact that it is an expression of follicular occlusion in localizations inverse to acne vulgaris. However, hidradenitis suppurativa differs
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This obstructs the apocrine gland ducts and perifolliculitis around the ducts. Whether this initial inflammatory change is due to a bacterial infection or factors similar to those involved in acne formation is not known. In the later stages of hidradenitis suppurativa, bacterial infection seems to be a risk factor for the destructive scarring and extension of hidradenitis suppurativa lesions, and, once the sinuses have formed, the risk of secondary infection is obvious. Also, hidradenitis suppurativa tends to occur in patients with, dissecting cellulitis of the scalp and the neck, and acne conglobata (an uncommon and unusually severe form of acne characterized by burrowing and interconnecting abscesses and irregular scars). The central pathogenetic event in all 3 conditions is a tendency for follicular hyperkeratinization with secondary bacterial infection. Early symptoms may include discomfort, erythema, burning, and …show more content…
Granuloma inguinale (also known as donovanosis) is a bacterial disease caused by Klebsiella granulomatis and characterized by ulcerative genital lesions. The clinical presentation begins with small, painless nodules, which appear 10–40 days after the initial contact with the bacteria. Later, the nodules burst, creating open, fleshy, oozing lesions. The infection continues destroying the tissue until treated. The lesions occur at the region of contact typically found on the shaft of the penis, the labia, or the perineum. Rarely, the vaginal wall or cervix is the site of the lesion. The diagnosis is suspected with the patient's sexual history and on physical examination revealing a painless, "beefy-red ulcer" with a characteristic rolled edge of granulation tissue[3]. Diagnosis is made by direct visualization of the “safety pin-like” organisms on direct smears of the
This obstructs the apocrine gland ducts and perifolliculitis around the ducts. Whether this initial inflammatory change is due to a bacterial infection or factors similar to those involved in acne formation is not known. In the later stages of hidradenitis suppurativa, bacterial infection seems to be a risk factor for the destructive scarring and extension of hidradenitis suppurativa lesions, and, once the sinuses have formed, the risk of secondary infection is obvious. Also, hidradenitis suppurativa tends to occur in patients with, dissecting cellulitis of the scalp and the neck, and acne conglobata (an uncommon and unusually severe form of acne characterized by burrowing and interconnecting abscesses and irregular scars). The central pathogenetic event in all 3 conditions is a tendency for follicular hyperkeratinization with secondary bacterial infection. Early symptoms may include discomfort, erythema, burning, and …show more content…
Granuloma inguinale (also known as donovanosis) is a bacterial disease caused by Klebsiella granulomatis and characterized by ulcerative genital lesions. The clinical presentation begins with small, painless nodules, which appear 10–40 days after the initial contact with the bacteria. Later, the nodules burst, creating open, fleshy, oozing lesions. The infection continues destroying the tissue until treated. The lesions occur at the region of contact typically found on the shaft of the penis, the labia, or the perineum. Rarely, the vaginal wall or cervix is the site of the lesion. The diagnosis is suspected with the patient's sexual history and on physical examination revealing a painless, "beefy-red ulcer" with a characteristic rolled edge of granulation tissue[3]. Diagnosis is made by direct visualization of the “safety pin-like” organisms on direct smears of the