Herodotus And Xenophon: The Persian Royal Road

Improved Essays
Herodotus and Xenophon both contributed to writing The Persian Royal Road. The ancient greek philosopher Herodotus exemplified the technicalities of the “worlds first- state organized highway and postal system”. Ancient greek philosopher, Xenophon, elaborated on the operations of these newly found systems. Both philosophers were inhabitants of the Hellenistic Age. Humphrey describes the construction of such road as technology. Due to the rough uneven topography “…most Greek roads were unpaved paths that followed the contours of the countryside.” Roads allowed easy transportation of people, resources, and ideas. The Persians needed the roads to transport their military. They needed easy transportation to maintain their extensive empire. I found

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    During 300-400 BCE, Greeks passion for reasoning and logic influenced the development of Western thought. Contribution to historical records, philosophers Herodotus and Thucydides were first to explain history; they would delve into the past to decide the facts and significance of historical events. For instance, Herodotus questioned and analyzed historical evidence to write History of the Persian War; however, not often did he differentiate between facts and legends. Later, Thucydides incorporated facts he could prove and maintain impartiality to write about History of the Peloponnesian Wars. For example, Thucydides issued both weaknesses and strengths for both Sparta and Athens.…

    • 258 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Roads in Roman territory were used for trade as well. On Roman roads, agricultural goods were usually traded. These roads helped merchants make good money and in general united the Roman Empire. Romans used water trade too and they used the Mediterranean sea for that. Both empires flourished economically because of their road systems and trade.…

    • 648 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Yes, according to the Hero's Journey Odysseus is indeed a hero. The first stage of a hero's journey is a call to adventure. This begins when Odysseus is called to the battle of Troy. After the invitation, there is the refusal of the call which is shown when Odysseus tried to stay with his wife and son instead of going into battle. In most of the book, Athena continued to constantly save Odysseus and helped him on the journey therefor completing the third step in a hero's journey which was having a mentor.…

    • 231 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Roman Empire Dbq Essay

    • 485 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Additionally, from the image in Document 4, we find that the Roman roads were built with drainage, making them more weather resistant. From Document 3, we can see that these roads spread throughout the Roman Empire. It was possible to travel to and from any part by just the roads. This adaptation allowed Ancient Romans to travel faster, trade faster, and keep control of their vast…

    • 485 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the author Richard Stoneman “How Many Miles To Babylon” article he analyzes maps: guides: roads: and rivers in the expeditions of Xenophon and Alexander. In the “Maps” section of the author's article the author talks about “Greeks getting lost as soon as they ventured outside their own peninsula” (Stoneman, Greece and Rome). In Guides Stoneman uses the Anabasis, to describe how the army found itself lost by saying “Greeks were in an extremely awkward position... They were at least a thousand miles away from Greece; they had no guide to show them the way; they were shut in by impassable rivers which traversed their homeward journey” (Stoneman, 64). Stoneman talked about a state of crisis at rivers but using interpreters to manipulate Greeks.…

    • 662 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In “The Odyssey”, Odysseus’s hubris is an advantage because it tricks individuals into viewing the almighty epic hero as more of an iconic and courageous figure. When Odysseus and his crew, cleverly fight off and get past the horrendous cyclops Polyphemus, Odysseus bravely taunts the beast to make sure he knows never to attack him or his crew again. In fury, Polyphemus pounds out to Odysseus’s boat, forcing Odysseus to get the “longest boat hook out” and begin “fending off” his crew (95-96). This act of fearlessness shows Odysseus’s crew that he’s willing to protect them for the future, even if that means sacrificing his own safety. Any other person would’ve taken that get out of jail free card, and quickly got off the island, waiting like bait for Polyphemus to strike again.…

    • 420 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In his work, The Histories, the Greek historian Herodotus gives an account of Darius and Xerxes, who were two members of the Achaemenidai family, and ruled as Kings during the Greco-Persian Wars. Persian kingship was different from earlier Greek kingship. I believe, however, that if we examine the virtues that Darius and Xerxes had, we could see they shared similar values than the Greeks. In this essay, I will argue that Herodotus does indeed provide us with a narrative that indicates that Darius and especially Xerxes did possess values that defined them as good leaders. Persian leadership resembled Greek leadership in the following ways: kings portrayed as intermediaries between gods and men; virtues of wisdom and patience; good military leadership…

    • 1462 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The evidence to be discussed is that of Xenophon from his work The Economics, however there is no record of when it was produced. Xenophon was born in to a wealthy Athenian family in C.430BC and lived until 354BC. He participated in campaigns but was exiles from Athens in 394BC after fighting against them along side the Spartans. This therefore could affect his attitudes towards Athens however it is still an important piece of evidence concerning social history. In these particular verses Xenophon is speaking from the perspective of a conversation between the philosopher Socrates and an Athenian man named Ischomachus.…

    • 1901 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Greek strategy overcame the sheer size of the Persian Army; utilizing the terrain around them and their men, the Greeks experienced great success in places like Marathon, the Straits of Salamis, and Mycale. However, the Persian’s over reliance on the size of their forces and some crucial battlefield mistakes, like the order to assault at Plataea, greatly aided the Greeks in their…

    • 1537 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In his Letters to Herodotus, Epicurus’ material outlook assumes that all things are made out of atoms, an argument that he extends to the soul. He raises the point that the soul is material and capable of sensation, and these sensations build out thoughts; however, this assumption tends to categorize human thoughts and limit originality and creativity. In the text, Epicurus explains that the soul is a structure that is material and primarily used for sensation; these sensations become responsible for our thoughts and reason. The soul’s relationship to the body is important in this respect.…

    • 946 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the transition from oral poetry to Herodotus’ written Histories, Herodotus kept many of the story telling narrative forms, most notably the habit of telling a story within the larger work, which is a device he uses more than Homer did. Herodotus presents his Histories as a series of tales explaining the circumstances leading to the Persian War. In the opening statement of his Histories, Herodotus states that the reason he had conducted and composed this research was “in the hope of thereby preserving from decay the remembrance of what men have done, and of preventing the great and wonderful actions of the Greeks and the barbarians from losing their due meed of glory; and withal to put on record what were their grounds of feud.” (Histories, 1.0)…

    • 978 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    There were many sea routes that covered the Mediterranean and Black Seas and land routes that used roads built by the Romans. The roads were built primarily for use in trade, but they were also used by the Roman Army. Although, Rome was celebrated for their construction of roads, it was significantly cheaper to transport goods by sea. However, it was more dangerous; due to the unpredictable weather and theft from piracy.…

    • 483 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    At first glance it may appear that Herodotus’ account of Egypt is a clear-cut description of the country and what he learned there, intended to educate a Greek audience. However, a closer examination reveals that his intentions and motivations may have been different that originally assumed. The opening passage exemplifies the sort of conflicted view of the Egyptians that the author so frequently presents. Though, at times, he emphasizes their otherness, he seems to admire their achievements and credits them with inventing multiple cultural practices that the Greeks then copied. He begins with high praise for the Egypt, calling it a country of wonders, unparalleled in their quantity or majesty (2.35).…

    • 1039 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    However, Athenian-Persian relations were not always so bad. During one of Athens’s many wars with Sparta and the other cities of Peloponnesian Greece, the Athenian Assembly had sent a delegation to the Persians to ask for assistance. The Persians agreed to help, they did not want Greece under absolute Spartan hegemony anymore than the Athenians did, but the asked the Athenians to give them “earth and water”. The symbolic giving of soil and water from a city’s territory was essentially ceding independence to Persia. The Athenian ambassadors thought that it wasn’t a bad idea to do this, but the assembly immediately cut them off and…

    • 1015 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Herodotus’ style of writing was focused on preserving the memory by recording the achievements and portraying how the Greeks and Persians came into conflict. Herodotus’ The Histories, was more of a history of the events during Persian War, as opposed to Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War which, was more of a contemporary record of the events of the Peloponnesian…

    • 1418 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays