Heart failure is often referred to as an epidemic because of the challenges it poses clinically and financially on public health. Researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Olmsted County Minnesota conducted a cohort study to evaluate recent trends in heart failure incidence and outcomes. The study was a two-stage design. The first part was community surveillance to estimate the incidence rate of Heart failure between 2000 and 2010 in Olmstead County. Patients that were enrolled in the first stage of the study were followed up for outcomes (mortality and hospitalization) in a patient level cohort study. Age-specific, sex-specific and year-specific incidence rates of validated heart failure were calculated (Gerber et al, 2015).
Age-adjusted
Age-adjusted