Hashimoto's Disease: A Case Study

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Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disease that affects the Thyroid. “With Hashimoto’s disease, the immune system makes antibodies that damage thyroid cells and interfere with [their ability to make production of hormones produced in thyroid gland which include triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)]” (Cooper, 2012). When a person has Hashimoto thyroid disease “the immune system produces antibodies that attack the thyroid” (Cooper, 2012). This can cause a persisting impairment of the thyroid causing it to slow the production down of the metabolism-regulating hormones (T3 and T4) which are an essential for bodies to function properly(Cooper, 2012).

Demographic information
Thyroid issues are most commonly found in women over the age of 60
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According to Prof. Cooper from The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, people who have developed Hashimoto’s disease show no symptoms at first. As time passes and the disease progresses, goiter can occur because the thyroid usually enlarges. Patients that have Hashimoto’s disease will ultimately develop hypothyroidism. This disease has a long list of possible symptoms. The most prevailing symptoms are: fatigue, constipation, joint pain, muscle pain, depression, lethargy, difficulty in remembering, and sensitivity to cold temperature, and weight gain (Cooper 2012 and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases). Dorothy Lincoln’s history provides symptoms of nausea, lethargy, constipation, and headaches. Since the creation of T3 and T4 cells are decreased by Hypothyroidism, as explained above, it makes sense that Dorothy Lincoln experiences fatigue. The underproductive thyroid causes her metabolism to slow down drastically(Mayoclinic). Constipation is another symptom due to the fact that slow metabolism causes weakness to her muscles in her GI tract thus causing her stool to move slowly (Mayoclinic). Dorothy also has increased pain on her joints. This is also another symptom related to Hashimoto’s disease (Roberts & Landenson,

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