Happiness And Virtue In Kant's The Metaphysics Of Morals

Improved Essays
Happiness and virtue describe a pair of vague terms at best, ambiguous in nature nevertheless we as a society generally strive to acquire what can be defined as a very subjective feeling or state of being. Naming happiness as one of the pinnacles of a person’s existence, a bold declaration, does not depict the entirety of life’s portrait, there are flaws with that statement.

In Kant’s The Metaphysics of Morals, he inserts a dialogue between student and teacher introducing a concept that seems to be used sparingly. Teaching a student normally becomes a monologue, not allowing questions only hinders the student from thoroughly understanding material that is taught to them. Kant describes how a Socratic dialogue is not used because a student intermittently does not what questions
…show more content…
Kant in the dialogue with student and teacher also points to a truth that virtue has no guarantees. Here lies a possible major fault in religious logic that though one does good, good things will come or that being worthy does not necessarily mean happiness will come.

Towards the end of the dialogue the topic of duty is briefly touched which offers an important subject matter that happiness and duty go hand in hand. Acting to conform to the law is our duty as people is what determines our worthiness of happiness questions the teacher
The issue with duty as well is that it is an ambiguous sense of purpose, not everyone has the same sense of duty. Multiple factors determine a persons sense of duty such as culture, background, environment etc. With many factors that the way a sense of duty is developed it is important to integrate knowledge with psychology in order to help understand the way people think. Additionally, I believe that Kant’s idea that moral catechism should be separate from religious is correct however people frequently blur the line between the

Related Documents

  • Great Essays

    Immanuel Kant On Duty

    • 1621 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Philosophy is a discipline that studies how one ought to live, as well as study reality, nature, existence, etc. However, there are a number of philosophers who propose differing sets of morals and have different ideas of living life to its fullest (Singer v. Mill). Kant proposes that moral actions are defined by the motivation of an action, and later on explains that moral actions are duties through reason, rather than inclination. This essay will explain the validity of Kant’s argument by first explaining Kant’s view on duty, then analyse his view of duty as an object of good will, which pertains to motivations without the slightest selfishness, then argue for moral duties motivated by duty instead of inclination based on reason. It is difficult…

    • 1621 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    John Stuart Mill and Aristotle spent a lot of time defining and talking about happiness and how virtue can make one happy and also be a means to our end. According to Aristotle, virtue comes from practicing habit and good upbringing. In the society today, people think happiness is all about money and fame, but Aristotle believes that virtue is the one thing that can bring us happiness. According to Mill, he doesn’t agree that virtue is the end or rather the principal thing that makes us happy, rather Mill believes that pleasure is what brings happiness and also freedom from pain (Mill). He has a very different idea from Aristotle.…

    • 191 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Happiness is a word that is seen in a multitude of different ways by a multitude of different people. Everyone has their own idea of what happiness means to them, but it is a word that has no set definition. The author of “Happiness and Its Discontents”, Daniel Haybron views happiness as an entire emotional spectrum that is affected by several factors such as life satisfaction and being exposed to both pain and pleasure. Whereas Ed Diener and Robert Biswas-Diener the authors of “Can Money Buy Happiness”, describe happiness as the emotion someone feels when they obtain an object they believe will improve their life and can be acquired within their means. An example of this would be the joy someone might feel when they are able to buy a car…

    • 911 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Pursuit of Happiness The Declaration of Independence refers to the “pursuit of happiness”, which has been raised in debate to determine if the word happiness should be replaced with the word pleasure. This is a valid argument, because happiness and pleasure seem to be exchangeable, but in reality these terms involve different emotions. This paper will discuss The Declaration of Independence reference to the “pursuit of happiness” and determine is pleasure should replace happiness.…

    • 388 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    The view of happiness as well as the role that pleasures and desires play in achieving happiness can be seen throughout Western philosophy. Detailing a hypothetical dinner conversation between Aristotle, Epicurus, Hobbes, and Epictetus, will such an understanding be described. In such an account, I will be detailing: what issue/s each guest would raise; what thesis would each defend, and how each would respond to the other; as well as who is most likely to disagree with whom and on which points, and who, on the other hand, might find allies or sympathizers. Each philosopher defines/views happiness differently. Aristotle defines happiness as an activity of the soul in accordance to virtue and reason.…

    • 1449 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Rhetorical Analysis

    • 1180 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The pursuit of happiness is a universal concept amongst humans. But is this concept universally believed and understood in the same way? Is happiness really the end goal, or does pursuing a meaningful life lead to a more fulfilling life? In an article from The Atlantic, “There’s More to Life than Being Happy,” Emily Esfahani Smith discusses the misconception of the pursuit of happiness and the difference between those who seek a life of meaning through the use of ethos, pathos, logos, and other rhetorical devices utilized within these methods. First, Smith expertly utilizes ethos throughout the essay to support her research by numerously stating the scholarly sources she uses.…

    • 1180 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    First Argument Analysis In his book, The Abolition of Man, Lewis (1944) argued in the first chapter, Men Without Chests, that “Reason in man must rule the mere appetites by means of the ‘spirited element’” (p.24). In another words, “The head rules the bely through the chest. The Chest – Magnanimity – Sentiment are the indispensable liaison officers between cerebral man and visceral man” (p.24-25).…

    • 1233 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Everyone has their own individual definition of happiness. Richard Taylor describes happiness as “a state of being, not a mere feeling” (Taylor, 116), but how may one come to this total state of fulfillment? Vivien Sung who wrote Five-Fold Happiness and Richard Taylor who wrote a chapter on happiness in his book An Introduction to Virtue Ethics both agree that happiness is made up of many different parts. Because happiness is made up of different components, achieving prosperity, longevity, and wealth are three elements that can lead to being fully…

    • 91 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Next, he brings in the concept of the will, a will that is good is not a means to other purposes, but good in itself. A good will must be the sole and complete good and the highest good we seek in happiness. Kant tells us that a good will should be sound in understanding that it does not need to be taught but rather only clarified (4:397). Kant has three major propositions about duty. He explains duty as well as something done from an inclination.…

    • 1351 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Few issues are as contentious and endless as how to achieve a life full of happiness. Many arguments can be discussed about which viewpoint could be classified as the underlying best, but, out of the various aspects, the Epicurean and Aristotelian concepts, in my opinion, make the most outstanding deliberation for Frederick’s situation. Are the ethics developed by Epicurus better suited for Frederick’s happy life, or do the moral principles surrounded by Aristotle promote a more enhanced account of happiness? The Epicureans would claim that although Frederick seemed to be free of fear that would hinder his ability to live prosperously, he still possessed too many desirable values which obstructed his happiness to evolve to a more significant…

    • 1953 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    1. What, according to Aristotle, is the relationship between happiness and virtue? Working to possess and exercise virtue is essential to achieve the highest degree of happiness. Virtuousness is a unique element of happiness in the sense that we can work to control it through our own habituation. This can be compared to the plethora of components that our disposition creates a predetermined outcome for, including the external and physical goods we desire. Aristotle expands on this idea, stating that when happiness, “...comes as a result of virtue and some process of learning or training, [it is] among the most god-like things; for that which is the prize and end of virtue seems to be the best thing in the world, and something godlike and blessed” (Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, 947).…

    • 770 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Kant states that an action has moral worth if and only if it is done from duty and does not merely accord with duty. The concept of duty, to Kant, contains the concept of the goodwill because in the case of humans like us, action from duty is…

    • 1199 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Kant's Moral Theory Essay

    • 910 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Kant’s moral theory is based on the fact that one’s action should be governed by a maxim that follows the purity of the will; the idea that one’s actions should be based on a will that aligns with duty and not on the consequences of one’s actions. In the contrary, rule utilitarianism is based on the consequences of one’s actions and how it impacts the overall happiness of the individuals involved. The following paper focuses on the ideas of duty ethics and utilitarian ethics; and how these ideas can be implemented in the case of James Liang. Kant believes that an act is morally acceptable when such an act perfectly aligns with one’s duty. Furthermore, he believed that all rational beings are obligated by the demands of duty.…

    • 910 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In his book The Sane Society, Erich Fromm points out that alienation has become an endemic disease of modern capitalism. Fromm defines alienated individual as somebody as “the person who can only experience the outer world photographically, but is out of touch with his inner world”. [Fromm, 1990, p. 207] The opposite of alienation is schizophrenia, that is, when the individual can not experience the outer world objectively, as most people do. For this psychoanalyst, the individual must be in contact with her feelings and at the same time have the capacity to experience the world in its objective-action context.…

    • 1014 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Maze Of Life Analysis

    • 626 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Part of human nature is the innate desire to be content; we often go to great lengths to achieve a state of bliss. From birth until death, we are trapped in the maze that is life, confined to the ideology that happiness is determined by one's assets. Is it truly possible for one to for an individual to pursue their desire to be content merely by remaining within their comfort zone, or must you break societal boundaries in order to truly pursue happiness? Pursuing your happiness should not restrict you to the confines of a maze; If an individual remains within this maze for their entire existence, they may be unable to discover the true beauty of the world around them, ultimately leading to the compromise of one’s well being. In “The Maze of Life,” the illustrator beautifully demonstrates the concept of happiness by implying that at a young age, an individual may be conditioned to believe that happiness is only achieved through wealth and materialism.…

    • 626 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays