Urban areas are the amalgamation of complex processes in which environmental, social, cultural, demographic and economic factors influence the health and wellbeing of its residents. Health in urban areas is therefore linked to various processes inherent in urbanization itself and quality of natural, built and social environment.
Presently more than half of the world`s population is living in urban areas and that proportion is expected to grow in coming decades. The recent UN estimates suggest that two thirds (sixty six per cent) of world population will live in urban areas by 2050 (United Nations 2015). Almost all of this growth will occur in the countries of the developing world. The rapid growth of urban population in developing world raises …show more content…
Owing to the historical politico-economic processes, the urban growth in developing countries is generally termed as urbanisation without industrialisation and a relocation of rural agricultural surplus population into urban surplus population. Therefore most people who migrate from rural to urban areas do not find a place into the productive sectors of urban economy. On the other side, the process of globalisation offers highly paid jobs to selective highly skilled or professional people in the larger urban centres. A new wave of professional migration can be seen towards the larger urban centres, which are the centres of activities in the era of globalisation and liberalisation. Hence two sectors develop side by side within urban areas. One, which is engaged in the organised sector, is highly rewarded and consumes most of the urban resources. The other one is marginalised and find a place in the unorganised sector and face all the perils of life. They are poor and live in slum areas in crowded and miserable conditions. Infectious diseases thrive and outbreak under such living conditions. In these circumstances accessibility to public health system is crucial. On the other side, the increase of unhealthy lifestyles in affluent sections of urban population raises the graph of chronic non communicable degenerative diseases particularly in the larger urban centres. This …show more content…
Thus triple threats of communicable and non communicable diseases and accidents, injuries, violence, crime, road accidents are present in urban areas and will grow with urbanization.
The above said opportunities and risks depend upon resident`s relative socioeconomic and spatial position which create and expand inequalities in availability and accessibility and outcomes of city resources and amenities including public and private health facilities.
The present study therefore looks into the nature and extent of health inequities within cities of India. It investigate whether these inequalities are systematic and socially produced and factors that proliferates these inequalities among city dwellers. It attempts to explore the ways and means to reduce these inequalities in health
Presently more than half of the world`s population is living in urban areas and that proportion is expected to grow in coming decades. The recent UN estimates suggest that two thirds (sixty six per cent) of world population will live in urban areas by 2050 (United Nations 2015). Almost all of this growth will occur in the countries of the developing world. The rapid growth of urban population in developing world raises …show more content…
Owing to the historical politico-economic processes, the urban growth in developing countries is generally termed as urbanisation without industrialisation and a relocation of rural agricultural surplus population into urban surplus population. Therefore most people who migrate from rural to urban areas do not find a place into the productive sectors of urban economy. On the other side, the process of globalisation offers highly paid jobs to selective highly skilled or professional people in the larger urban centres. A new wave of professional migration can be seen towards the larger urban centres, which are the centres of activities in the era of globalisation and liberalisation. Hence two sectors develop side by side within urban areas. One, which is engaged in the organised sector, is highly rewarded and consumes most of the urban resources. The other one is marginalised and find a place in the unorganised sector and face all the perils of life. They are poor and live in slum areas in crowded and miserable conditions. Infectious diseases thrive and outbreak under such living conditions. In these circumstances accessibility to public health system is crucial. On the other side, the increase of unhealthy lifestyles in affluent sections of urban population raises the graph of chronic non communicable degenerative diseases particularly in the larger urban centres. This …show more content…
Thus triple threats of communicable and non communicable diseases and accidents, injuries, violence, crime, road accidents are present in urban areas and will grow with urbanization.
The above said opportunities and risks depend upon resident`s relative socioeconomic and spatial position which create and expand inequalities in availability and accessibility and outcomes of city resources and amenities including public and private health facilities.
The present study therefore looks into the nature and extent of health inequities within cities of India. It investigate whether these inequalities are systematic and socially produced and factors that proliferates these inequalities among city dwellers. It attempts to explore the ways and means to reduce these inequalities in health