Global Neoliberalism And The Anthropology Of Development

Great Essays
Hamda Khan
Paper 1 Current Political-Economic Context of Global Neoliberalism & The Anthropology of Development

In the last few decades the political geography of the globe has been completely transformed as some of the vast areas that were once known as “colonies” turned into “less developed countries” (Cooper, Packard, 126). The initiation of development work brought about several challenges that were in the realm of expertise of social scientists, thus they started to work with governmental, international and private institutions to promote economic growth and beneficial social change in developing countries.
…show more content…
For instance, during the 1990s, Russian per capita income declined to 3.5 percent due to which a large proportion of the population fell into poverty, and as a result, the male life expectancy rate declined to five years (Harvey, 154). Moreover, neoliberalism has had a more negative than positive impact, as Harvey states that those who adopted “sustained neoliberalism” suffered more than those who followed “circumscribed neoliberalism”. For instance, in Sweden, life expectancy rate is higher due to increased rate of income per capita and decreased inflation because Sweden has adopted “circumscribed neoliberalism” (Harvey,

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    The novel The Power of Place, written by Harm de Blij, is a publication that immortalizes the notion of the imbalance between the global core and periphery in the world based on geography, and states how place of birth is one’s defining label of identity. The global core is a series of capitalist countries that persist of the world’s wealthiest in terms of resources and economic stature (De Blij). It is also a utility that the periphery, countries representing the worst of global poverty, is dependant on for survival (De Blij). Harm de Blij argues that the periphery in the world provide for less opportunity, and its boundaries continuously segregate its population from the core; forcing them to stay within their place of birth. “For all the…

    • 358 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Neoliberalism In Canada

    • 746 Words
    • 3 Pages

    How has neoliberalism influenced political and social development in the US as compared to Canada? The article by Siddiqi et al.1 more than describing the influence of neoliberalism as a social phenomena in US and Canada provides information on how both societies reacted differently to that. Neoliberalism prompted “similar” policies and socioeconomic inequalities in US and Canada with the same potential to harm social bonds and health. However, Canada showed a different reaction to that stimulus, being more resilient and able to mitigate the societal influence of neoliberalism on the distribution of socioeconomic resources and its consequences for health status by preserving social cohesiveness while maintaining equality in the provision…

    • 746 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Harvey supports this claim, adding that the neoliberal policies have allowed for ‘accumulation by dispossession’ through taking away wealth from the public or poor, creating a concentration of wealth among the rich. This occurs through privatization, financialization, the management and manipulation of crises and state redistributions (tax changes of the wealthy). Such policies ensure the concentration of wealth remains with the rich and limits the poor from advancing. Neoliberalism has surpassed the economy realm, creating a “specific formulation of economic values, practices and metrics to every dimension of human life” (Brown) that transform the way in which our society functions. There are a number of consequences that stem from neoliberal policies that not only create and maintain class division but dissolve principals of freedom, rights and culture.…

    • 643 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Neoliberalism is “a theory of political economic practices that proposes that human well-being can best be advanced by liberating individual entrepreneurial freedoms and skills within an institutional framework characterized by strong private property rights, free markets, and free trade” (453). Harvey believes neoliberalism is a form of social destruction. It has allowed the market to have the ability of controlling all human actions. Power and rights are then determined by capital and state control, which instantly gives some people more control over their rights. “Defenders of the regime of rights plausibly argue that it encourages ‘bourgeois virtues’, without which everyone in the world would be worse off” (454).…

    • 2077 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Robert Bates explores the connection between politics and economic ways of transformation in his book “Prosperity and Violence: The Political Economy of Development”. According to Bates political structure and economics of transformation is equal to the study of prosperity and violence, hence the name. Bates claims that for states to advance from a poor agrarian state to a wealthy industrialized society, they must go through what is called the “great transformation”. While all wealthy states had to go through the great transformation in the past to achieve the success they currently obtain today, many states still struggle to break out of an agrarian state in today’s society despite various attempts to do so. The great transformation process…

    • 883 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Michael Chossudovsky, The Globalization of Poverty: and The New World Order, Pincour, Global Outlook; 2nd edition (September 9, 2003) ISBN: 0973110910 The Globalization of Poverty and the New World Order is based on Canadian Economics Professor Michel Chossudovsky’s actual experiences. Professor Chossudovsky, prior to writing this book, had spent decades researching and teaching around the world in places such as Latin America, Africa, the Middle east and Eastern Europe. Having first hand experienced the political change and imposed economic reform in the countries he had taught and researched within, he explains in great detail how this has negatively affected the population. In addition, Chossudovsky’s research goes in great detail on how…

    • 1238 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Alleviating poverty is in the interest of most governments, but thriving financially seems out of reach or next to impossible to achieve by some countries. Countries that are considered first world countries today, like The U.S and China, have faced times where poverty was a major issue and economies were not creating either money or jobs, however they were able to stop the declining of their country. Why? Sachs suggests that every country has the ability to compete and become successful in the global economy, but there is no definite common method all countries can use to thrive. Sachs makes it apparent to the reader that solutions to the success of a country have to be used at the right time and, most of all, in the right country.…

    • 688 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the reading, it mentions the Old and New World. This is seen on page 216, where it states “… you can bring the Old World’s knowledge and technology to the new…”. This reminded me of The Columbian Exchange, a term referring to the widespread transfer of animals, plants, culture and disease between the New World and the Old World. Latin America is of the New World because it is an “America” and not part of Europe or Africa.…

    • 499 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Tyranny Of Experts

    • 804 Words
    • 4 Pages

    In 2014, William Easterly released a book, The Tyranny of Experts, arguing his case that attempting to solve poverty in third world countries without providing the political infrastructure to sustain long term growth is a lost cause. Ignoring the idea that freedom and human rights are what have generated much of the growth in the west, third world experts’ “blank-slate” mentality fails to utilize history to the advantage of poorer nations. Easterly further argues that so-called development experts place their focus on nations rather than people when trying to alleviate poverty, and in the process trample rights of individuals. Continuing his critique, Easterly asserts that the overall manipulation of economies through conscious effort disables…

    • 804 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Arturo Escobar Poverty

    • 267 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Arturo Escobar’s central argument is that development turned out be a force so damaging to the Third World societies, ironically in the name of people's interests. The author substantiate his claim by using qualitative data and historical data. Mass poverty in Asia, Africa, and Latin America was a discovery of the post-World War II period. The poor increasingly appeared as a social problem requiring new ways of intervention in society.…

    • 267 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Introduction The simplest definition of development is “good change” (Thomas, 2000). However, what represents “good” is subjective. Traditional views saw development in a purely economic sense, in terms of an increase in Gross National Product (GNP). In other words, economic growth and development were synonymous.…

    • 1256 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    After looking at all three regions, the effects of modernization and social mobilization have not all been the same. Some areas had failed to modernize because of their states, while others lacked the rule of law, or others were economically well off. Furthermore, social mobilization in each country resulted from different reasons such the tensions with governments and the postcolonial effects that have resulted in significant instances of violence. This is why modernization and social mobilization has been different in Latin America, East Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Overall, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and East Asia have had their unique, distinct path toward political development.…

    • 242 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Another example seen in the article is the control the World Banks holds over other countries through trust funds. While neoliberalism eliminates barriers, the World Bank manages barriers for aid money to certain countries. Ultimately what was happening here was that they were taking advantage of countries that had recently undergone tragedy in order to enforce neo-liberal…

    • 1239 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    The failure of mainstream development forced many people to think of development more holistically. An alternative approach is used to enhance development in the Turkana County and Burkina Faso. The USADF’s emphasis on the participatory approach has allowed the citizens to work with local organizations to find sustainable ways to meet their social and economic needs and to improve the quality of their lives. This approach allows the powerless to become empowered, and allows men/women to become effective leaders and planners of their own development. The decentralization of power gives the local organizations the substantial autonomy necessary to enable citizen participation.…

    • 1409 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Great Essays

    World Systems Theory Essay

    • 1744 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Building on top of the Marxist ideas of exploitation and unequal exchanges championed by dependency theorists, Wallerstein argues that the semi-periphery is a crucial link in this system of unequal exchanges - the “intermediaries with the periphery, conveyor-belts of surplus value” (Wallerstein 1974: 241). The semi-periphery does not just act the “core” economically to some peripheral regions, they can exert influences politically and culturally through their limited hegemonic powers in the same fashion as core nations, sometimes to their own national agendas sometimes on behalf of core nations. They also serve as examples of economic development that peripheral nations aspire to become, overlooking the difficulties and challenges that accompanies being in such position. In this way, the power structure in the global economic system is obscured by the semi-periphery - it becomes difficult to see the full pictures, determining where economic and political decisions are stemming from and where surplus value is being transferred to (Wallerstein 1979:…

    • 1744 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays

Related Topics