The metaphor of the glass ceiling was a term coined from the 1980s. Around the time women rights were starting to revolve, it has been noted that the metaphor of the glass ceiling “has been applied for more than two decades to explore organizational discriminative processes inhibiting the advancement of women and other discriminated groups into higher management jobs” (Bendl 1). One of the key theories of the metaphor breaking the glass ceiling is how statistics show that mainly only men are the top CEOs in major companies, and only “five per cent or less of the CEOs of the world’s largest corporations are women” (Saha 18). A survey was done with 537 women and 506 men from non-management to senior manger levels in a large multination organization
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Although this is the case others argue that many women are starting to succeed and become very successful in the work place against all the odds that seem to be against them. Even though about 50 years ago women were not even thought to be considered in a position known as a “man’s job” (Zulfiqar). More seem to argue additionally, that even after women break through the glass ceiling they seem to face many challenges of “interpersonal mistreatment at the micro, meso, and macro-level of analysis” (Cunningham 61). This perspective of interpersonal mistreatment at the micro and macro level then ties into the argument of women having to go from “Glass Ceilings to Fire Walls” (Bendl). This paper examines the arguments and different perspectives on how women get through to breaking the glass ceiling and then tending to face many challenging obstacles that come …show more content…
Cunningham writes how different factors at different levels influences and are influenced by those at other levels of analysis. Going into a deeper level of analysis using macro and micro level factors to discuss how discrimination is used against women in the work place. Stating that research spanning over various countries shows mistreatment of women in the workplace is most common and has its destructive effects. George then goes on to talk about how women are subjected to behavioral forms of mistreatment and most have observed some type of form of harassment in the workplace. It is discussed that psychological research has found that “gender harassment to be the most common type of sexual harassment that women experience” (Leskinen 2). Gender harassment can range from sexist remarks to crude behavior. It can also even be feminist comments such as, “about workplaces being a ‘man’s space’” (Leskinen 2). These actions are all said to be by Leskinen hostile behaviors that insult and reject women. Promptly to talk about the macro-level factors that represent “the norms within a given profession that privilege men over women and cast men and masculinity as the standard through which others are compared” (Cunningham 61). The word ‘norms’ meaning is a standard, or pattern, especially of social behavior that is typically or expected of a group. In society, women norms have been set from long
Although this is the case others argue that many women are starting to succeed and become very successful in the work place against all the odds that seem to be against them. Even though about 50 years ago women were not even thought to be considered in a position known as a “man’s job” (Zulfiqar). More seem to argue additionally, that even after women break through the glass ceiling they seem to face many challenges of “interpersonal mistreatment at the micro, meso, and macro-level of analysis” (Cunningham 61). This perspective of interpersonal mistreatment at the micro and macro level then ties into the argument of women having to go from “Glass Ceilings to Fire Walls” (Bendl). This paper examines the arguments and different perspectives on how women get through to breaking the glass ceiling and then tending to face many challenging obstacles that come …show more content…
Cunningham writes how different factors at different levels influences and are influenced by those at other levels of analysis. Going into a deeper level of analysis using macro and micro level factors to discuss how discrimination is used against women in the work place. Stating that research spanning over various countries shows mistreatment of women in the workplace is most common and has its destructive effects. George then goes on to talk about how women are subjected to behavioral forms of mistreatment and most have observed some type of form of harassment in the workplace. It is discussed that psychological research has found that “gender harassment to be the most common type of sexual harassment that women experience” (Leskinen 2). Gender harassment can range from sexist remarks to crude behavior. It can also even be feminist comments such as, “about workplaces being a ‘man’s space’” (Leskinen 2). These actions are all said to be by Leskinen hostile behaviors that insult and reject women. Promptly to talk about the macro-level factors that represent “the norms within a given profession that privilege men over women and cast men and masculinity as the standard through which others are compared” (Cunningham 61). The word ‘norms’ meaning is a standard, or pattern, especially of social behavior that is typically or expected of a group. In society, women norms have been set from long