Gender differences in personality traits have been documented in many empirical studies. For instance, Maccoby and Jacklin (1974) conducted the first major review of research on sex-related differences in cognition, temperament, and social behaviour in children and adults. They concluded that men are more assertive and less anxious than women. However, there were no differences found for two other traits analysed, locus of control and self-esteem. The reason for such gender differences to exist is due to the interaction between culture, biology, gender roles and gender-role ideology. These interactions produce various types of psychological and behavioural outcomes between different genders that complement their cultures. Gender differences
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Masculinity stands for a society in which social gender roles are clearly distinct and seen to be the trait which emphasizes ambition and acquisition of wealth whereas femininity stands for a society in which social gender roles overlap and seen to be the trait which emphasizes caring and nurturing behaviours, sexuality equality and environmental awareness. In this case, Japan falls into the masculine country that possesses characteristics of collectivist, high power distance and high uncertainty avoidance. Besides that, as masculine culture shows distinct temperaments towards religion compared to feminine culture, hence Japanese cultures tend be more traditional, stresses on religion and focus on …show more content…
The modern Thailand indicates a society in which social gender roles overlap and seen to be the trait which emphasizes caring and nurturing behaviours, sexuality equality and environmental awareness. In Thailand culture, masculinity dimension scores 34 out of 100, which is relatively low among the average Asian countries of 53 and the world average of 50 (Swain & Tanabe, 2009). This shows that Thailand as a society with less assertiveness, competitiveness and encourages harmonious social relationship in order to avoid complications. Country that ranks high on femininity emphasizes on quality of life and focuses on people. Thailand culture gives more priority to environment protection rather than economic growth. Moreover, it is possible to see women digging trenches, hauling sand, or engaging in different forms of manual labour that are commonly considered man’s work. Women have equal access to education and able complete them through graduate school at similar rate as
Masculinity stands for a society in which social gender roles are clearly distinct and seen to be the trait which emphasizes ambition and acquisition of wealth whereas femininity stands for a society in which social gender roles overlap and seen to be the trait which emphasizes caring and nurturing behaviours, sexuality equality and environmental awareness. In this case, Japan falls into the masculine country that possesses characteristics of collectivist, high power distance and high uncertainty avoidance. Besides that, as masculine culture shows distinct temperaments towards religion compared to feminine culture, hence Japanese cultures tend be more traditional, stresses on religion and focus on …show more content…
The modern Thailand indicates a society in which social gender roles overlap and seen to be the trait which emphasizes caring and nurturing behaviours, sexuality equality and environmental awareness. In Thailand culture, masculinity dimension scores 34 out of 100, which is relatively low among the average Asian countries of 53 and the world average of 50 (Swain & Tanabe, 2009). This shows that Thailand as a society with less assertiveness, competitiveness and encourages harmonious social relationship in order to avoid complications. Country that ranks high on femininity emphasizes on quality of life and focuses on people. Thailand culture gives more priority to environment protection rather than economic growth. Moreover, it is possible to see women digging trenches, hauling sand, or engaging in different forms of manual labour that are commonly considered man’s work. Women have equal access to education and able complete them through graduate school at similar rate as