Introduction:
Today, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) systems are rapidly becoming the definitive analytical tool in the research laboratories. The GC-MS system that is an analytical method basically provides to identify different elements in the test sample. The purpose of the GC step is to separate multiple compounds in a sample. The purpose of the MS is to detect and identify of the components of a mixture of compounds [1].
Principle of GC/MS:
GC/MS system is a useful tool to separate and identify unknown organic compounds and gases. The GC is basically a temperature-controlled oven designed to hold and heat the GC column. A carrier gas is used to sweep the injected sample into the column where the separation occurs and then …show more content…
It is a critical step for the correct GC operation because the gate from injection system to the column must be clean, inert, and leak-free [3]. Then the mixture goes the separation section, which is the capillary column. The capillary column contains stationary phase, which is coated with a solid support and a nonvolatile liquid. The mobile phase is flowing through the column. Compounds are moving with different speeds through the column depending on the phase between the stationary and mobile phase [1]. Then compounds are separated to the molecules. After the separation section, the molecules leaving the GC are attacked by using higher electron energy (70 eV) in the MS. The molecules become separated individual compounds (ions). The quadrupole mass analyzer controls the path of the ions by using positive and negative voltages. Ions reach to the detector through the path based on the m/z ratio (mass to charge) [4]. When the ions pass through the detector with a different retention time, a signal is produced. A plot of this signal provides some information on the sample composition …show more content…
The mass spectrometer is designed to analyze only very clean materials. Some form of sample preparation is needed before introducing the sample into the gas chromatograph. There are three main categories for sample preparation for GC/MS injection, which are volatile organics, extractable and special sample preparation. Volatile organics can be injected directly into the instrument because they are usually uncharged. Extractable must be neutralized because it is already charged compounds and it should be dried before the injection. Special preparation samples often are highly charged compounds that cannot be neutralized. These samples must be treated before the injection
Today, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) systems are rapidly becoming the definitive analytical tool in the research laboratories. The GC-MS system that is an analytical method basically provides to identify different elements in the test sample. The purpose of the GC step is to separate multiple compounds in a sample. The purpose of the MS is to detect and identify of the components of a mixture of compounds [1].
Principle of GC/MS:
GC/MS system is a useful tool to separate and identify unknown organic compounds and gases. The GC is basically a temperature-controlled oven designed to hold and heat the GC column. A carrier gas is used to sweep the injected sample into the column where the separation occurs and then …show more content…
It is a critical step for the correct GC operation because the gate from injection system to the column must be clean, inert, and leak-free [3]. Then the mixture goes the separation section, which is the capillary column. The capillary column contains stationary phase, which is coated with a solid support and a nonvolatile liquid. The mobile phase is flowing through the column. Compounds are moving with different speeds through the column depending on the phase between the stationary and mobile phase [1]. Then compounds are separated to the molecules. After the separation section, the molecules leaving the GC are attacked by using higher electron energy (70 eV) in the MS. The molecules become separated individual compounds (ions). The quadrupole mass analyzer controls the path of the ions by using positive and negative voltages. Ions reach to the detector through the path based on the m/z ratio (mass to charge) [4]. When the ions pass through the detector with a different retention time, a signal is produced. A plot of this signal provides some information on the sample composition …show more content…
The mass spectrometer is designed to analyze only very clean materials. Some form of sample preparation is needed before introducing the sample into the gas chromatograph. There are three main categories for sample preparation for GC/MS injection, which are volatile organics, extractable and special sample preparation. Volatile organics can be injected directly into the instrument because they are usually uncharged. Extractable must be neutralized because it is already charged compounds and it should be dried before the injection. Special preparation samples often are highly charged compounds that cannot be neutralized. These samples must be treated before the injection