After reading Nolan's article and Frau Brixius and Frau Fischer's testimonies, it is clear that on an individual level they were victims in one sense. While it can be seen that they might have looked positively at the Nazis at one point in time, they in general tried to resist the Nazis were they could. Frau Fisher notes that even though she had tremendous pressure on her shoulders to join the party, she did not. Frau Brixius went to Jewish stores and resisted flying the Nazi flag. These small gestures showed that their hearts were in the right place, but that they could not do more because of the danger. Brixius notes that after talking to the Jewish teacher who listened to foreign radio broadcasts that, "if anyone had seen us together, I probably would have gone with her to the camp."(2) The danger of speaking out against
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Both groups 'now for the first time' were led by their female peers. 'That all really happened in spite of Hitler's wanting the woman to stay with the saucepan. …'… In addition, during the war, we women here at home replaced all male work."
She also said later on, "I believe no woman advocated for the war."(1) These women did have much to fear from the regime, but there was more they could have done. If they had collectively opposed the war, they might have been able to bring about change. I do not think that these women are to blame for the Nazi regime, but they obviously didn't do anything to stop it.
(1) Owing, A. (1995). Frau Margarete (Margrit) Fischer: Idealism and Chasm. Frauen: German Women Recall the Third Reich. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. pp. 1-16.
(2) Owing, A. (1995). Frau Martha Brixius: The Ambivalence of Avoidance. Frauen: German Women Recall the Third Reich. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. pp.
Both groups 'now for the first time' were led by their female peers. 'That all really happened in spite of Hitler's wanting the woman to stay with the saucepan. …'… In addition, during the war, we women here at home replaced all male work."
She also said later on, "I believe no woman advocated for the war."(1) These women did have much to fear from the regime, but there was more they could have done. If they had collectively opposed the war, they might have been able to bring about change. I do not think that these women are to blame for the Nazi regime, but they obviously didn't do anything to stop it.
(1) Owing, A. (1995). Frau Margarete (Margrit) Fischer: Idealism and Chasm. Frauen: German Women Recall the Third Reich. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. pp. 1-16.
(2) Owing, A. (1995). Frau Martha Brixius: The Ambivalence of Avoidance. Frauen: German Women Recall the Third Reich. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. pp.