Fine And Probation

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Punishment such as fine and probation were part of criminal justice system in preventing crime. Fines can be used in crime prevention and was more effective for less serious offenses committed by the first-time offenders as well as even for all age groups of recidivists (Feldman, 1993). Coldwell (1965) has listed the advantages of fines as a punishment in crime prevention which include of no stigmatization or upset of family life in term of relationship, the offender has no longer need to attempt prison life which may maintain their jobs and the population of prison will be in stable or low, the fines can give to victims as compensation and can threaten individual’s finances. In addition, Walker and Farrigton (1981) found that fines can help to decrease the rates of re-offending when compared with probation or suspended prison sentences (Feldman, …show more content…
Skinner’s operant conditioning on punishment mentioned that behaviour could be weakens by punishment through producing undesirable feeling, however it is less effective than reinforcements (Brain, 2002). Thus, above punishments include fines and probation was used for decreasing criminal behaviours. For further illustrate Skinner’s theoretical perspectives, female-shoplifting offenders will be used because most female offenders were found to be committed in property offenses such as shoplifting (Belknap, 2007). According to Skinner’s theoretical perspective, the more often females were caught to be shoplifting offenses and punished by criminal justice system, the more easily they would stop commit such crimes (Helfgott, 2013). However, given the significant time’s gap between behaviour and the outcome, the effectiveness of the punishment will be decreased when the exercise of punishment in criminal justice system happen long after the criminal behaviour was showed (Spiegler& Guevremont,

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