Persons who were hit or kicked were more likely to perceive the police action to be excessive (97%) than those who had a gun pointed at them (81%), were pushed or grabbed (79%), were threatened with force (76%), or were shouted or cursed at (49%). Additionally, those who were injured (94%) were more likely to believe the force was excessive than those who were not injured during the contact with police. (74%). Overall, blacks (2.8%) were more likely than whites (1.0%) and Hispanics (1.4 %) to perceive the threat or use of nonfatal force was excessive. Residents with police contact who experienced threat or use of force, by race or Hispanic origin, 2002–11 Race or Hispanic origin Face-to-face contact Force threatened or used Excessive force
