2. Gradient elution should be used when polarities vary. Isocratic elution should be used when the polarities are similar. Both use mobile phases to hold a specific group back while the other elutes faster. This lab, in particular, used the gradient elution method due to the different polarities present.
3. This stationary phase is non-polar and it is made of C-18. This is made of carbons and hydrogen in an octadecyl shape, which give it the non-polar characteristic.
4. Normal phase LC uses a polar stationary phase and a non-polar mobile phase. Reverse phase LC