Simple changes, such as exercising and having a good diet during pregnancy are just some of the ways to optimize a baby’s development. To begin, being active and doing moderate exercises, unless being advised not to by a doctor, while pregnant are linked to multiple benefits. …show more content…
Drugs such as crack cocaine, heroin, and marijuana cause vasoconstriction and restricts the fetal oxygen supply causing increased risks for a plethora of complications (Minnes, Lang, & Singer, 2011. In addition, neuroimaging studies have disclosed evidence of physiological brain changes in children who were exposed to drugs before birth (Minnes, Lang, & Singer, 2011). Concrete evidence linked with drug abuse and negative birth outcomes indicate women should withstand from using illegal drugs at least during the time they are pregnant. Because drugs are associated fairly heavily with college, talking about drug use during pregnancy would be one of the first factors I discussed with my …show more content…
Fetal development can be affected in various ways by alcohol due to the fact that it readily crosses the placenta as the mother consumes it (Sigelman & Rider, 2014). Also, the damage that alcohol does to the baby is reliable on what stage of development the baby is in or the pattern of the drinking. For instance, women who heavily drink during the first trimester are likely to have a child born with facial abnormalities because this is the time that the face and bone skulls are forming. Or during the second and third trimesters when fetal growth and brain development are rapidly increasing (Nykjaer et al, 2014). There is not enough evidence concerning a level of fetal development and alcohol consumption that is considered safe. Studies show that maternal alcohol consumption had negative associations with fetal growth and gestational age, while also increasing the odds for babies being born preterm. And even women who had 1-2 units once or twice a week beginning in the first trimester were still at risk for these factors compared to mothers who abstained (Nykjaer et al, 2014). So if my friend was having a baby, I would highly suggest that they stayed far away from any