A concept consistently found in Homer's The Odyssey is disguise and deceit. In contrast to its honest and war-focussed predecessor, The Iliad, Homer uses The Odyssey to demonstrate the effectiveness of indirect and duplicitous methods. Throughout the epic, a number of characters, including Odysseus and Athena, achieve their goals by “disguising [themselves] in the likeness of somebody else” (4. 247). As the renowned hero of this fable, it can be assumed that Homer intended for Odysseus’s deceitful actions to be revered by readers. This becomes even more plausible if one considers the reactions of supporting characters to Odysseus's behaviour; not even Zeus could forget the “kingly man Odysseus”(1. 84) and considers “no mortal
