Evidence-Based Decision-Making Case Study

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Bronwyn has had the suggestion from her Gp that she should have her 11 month old daughter, immunised against Measles, Mumps and Rubella. Bronwyn is afraid of doing anything that could potentially harm her daughter as she has heard rumours of the side-effects of immunisation in the media. She wants to do the right thing by her daughter and decides that she needs to learn more about the issue before she makes her decision. Developing a researchable question is one of the harder tasks, yet it is fundamental to the Evidence-Based Decision-Making process (Liamputtong). This paper will trace the development of an accurate and answerable question using Evidence-Based Practice PICO framework, and hence demonstrate its key role in acquiring the correct evidence based on the clinical question formed.

A well constructed question or problem will consist of four elements which plays a key role into structuring and guiding the search process. “This guiding question is called a PICO question: (P) patient, population, or process of interest, (I) intervention or best practice to be assessed, (C) comparison group or unit, and (O) outcome or effect of interest.” (Lippincott, Wilkins, & Williams) . This review question should indicate
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The review question should indicate the research populations by stating the relevant participants for the study, for example children or adults, but it is better and more efficient if the population is more specific and detailed to the case study. Intervention refers to the aspect most interested in, for example it might be a treatment technique of a construct such as quality of life. The comparator or control is the component in which the indicator is compared with or what the alternative is to the intervention being proposed. The review question also needs to state the outcome in which is most desirable. This outcome may be singular or contain many outcomes depending on the review

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