Hypertension is an asymptomatic vascular disorder that displays an increased systolic (>120mm/Hg) or diastolic (>80mm/Hg) pressure. The etiology of the disorder is unknown, and is therefore known as an idiopathic disorder but a variety of factors do play a role in the pathogenesis of the disorder such as coarctation of the aorta, salt sensitivity, renal abnormalities, hormonal disorders and neurological malfunctions. Therefore, the manifestation of the disorder is a complex interaction between genetics and the environment that increases the peripheral resistance in the vessels of the individual, thus causing a sustained increase in blood pressure.
‘The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) contributes to the maintenance of sustainable blood pressure …show more content…
Therefore, the absence of any signs and symptoms makes the diagnosis harder to locate, and also means the individual may not seek medical attention until the disorder has come into a more advanced stage. Although in some cases of complicated hypertension some of the symptoms include headaches, blurred vision, dizziness and in advanced cases, shortness of breathe. Consequently, as the disorder is progressive, the pathogenesis of the disorder takes its toll on the walls of the vascular system, undergoing hypertrophy and hyperplasia, eventually leading to fibrosis of the tunica intima and media, which can cause pain or tingling in the extremities. Furthermore, other areas of the body that undergo damage due to hypertension include the kidney, brain, heart, extremities and eyes. The changes in the kidney involve renin and aldosterone stimulation caused by the reduction in blood flow, ultimately leading to the retention of sodium and water thus contributing to an increase in blood volume; this poses a problem for the disorder as these changes aren’t noticed until there has been severe damage dealt to the kidney’s. Additionally, the increased workload of the myocardium combined with reduced blood flow to coronary vessels can potentially lead to left ventricular hypertrophy, ischemia, hence manifesting as angina and heart failure. These problems are also correspondent to that in the brain; problems occurring in the vessels of the brain may manifest as headaches and ultimately lead to
‘The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) contributes to the maintenance of sustainable blood pressure …show more content…
Therefore, the absence of any signs and symptoms makes the diagnosis harder to locate, and also means the individual may not seek medical attention until the disorder has come into a more advanced stage. Although in some cases of complicated hypertension some of the symptoms include headaches, blurred vision, dizziness and in advanced cases, shortness of breathe. Consequently, as the disorder is progressive, the pathogenesis of the disorder takes its toll on the walls of the vascular system, undergoing hypertrophy and hyperplasia, eventually leading to fibrosis of the tunica intima and media, which can cause pain or tingling in the extremities. Furthermore, other areas of the body that undergo damage due to hypertension include the kidney, brain, heart, extremities and eyes. The changes in the kidney involve renin and aldosterone stimulation caused by the reduction in blood flow, ultimately leading to the retention of sodium and water thus contributing to an increase in blood volume; this poses a problem for the disorder as these changes aren’t noticed until there has been severe damage dealt to the kidney’s. Additionally, the increased workload of the myocardium combined with reduced blood flow to coronary vessels can potentially lead to left ventricular hypertrophy, ischemia, hence manifesting as angina and heart failure. These problems are also correspondent to that in the brain; problems occurring in the vessels of the brain may manifest as headaches and ultimately lead to